高考英語閱讀解題技巧

高考英語閱讀解題方法指導－－

猜詞技巧二年十四班高考英語閱讀理解的常見題型：

主旨大意題細節理解題推理判斷題猜測詞義題教學目標讓學生了解英語閱讀理解中猜詞的常見題型。2.讓學生掌握英語閱讀理解中的猜詞技巧并能夠熟練運用。猜測詞義題常見的題型有:Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“…”means_____.Accordingtothepassage,theword“…”properlymeans_____.Theword“…”inparagraph…refersto____.By“…”,theauthormeans_____.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?1、定義或解釋說明

猜詞技巧2、對比關系3、因果關系4、舉例法5、重述6、同義詞、近義詞7、生活經驗,生活常識,邏輯推理8.根據生詞所在的上下文猜測詞義9.根據常見的前綴，詞根和后綴進行猜詞信號詞：1.be2.becalled…3.means…4.bedefinedas…5.referto

1、定義或解釋說明（definitionorexplanation）是…被稱為…意思是…被定義為…指的是…

Ex.1◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.

◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Acalendar

isalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.

木匠

動物學家日歷2、對比關系(contrast)信號詞:1.but/however/yet/while…2.otherwise/or/orelse…3.insteadof4.although/though/as

但是；然而否則代替;而不是盡管

Ex.2

◎Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.◎Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthething.無辜的節約的不同意3、因果關系（causeandeffect）

信號詞:1.because/since/as/for/dueto…2.so/therefore/thus/consequently…3.so…that/such…that

因為所以如此…,以至于…Ex.3◎

Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.◎Theriverisso

turbid

thatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow(淺的).無用的,徒勞的修剪混濁的4、舉例法(examples)信號詞:1.suchas/forexample/forinstance2.like3.especially4.include/including5.consistof例如…像….特別是…包括….由…組成Ex.4◎Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevices

suchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes（剎車）.◎Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.家禽裝置n.鵝5、重述(retelling)信號詞:1.thatis(tosay)…2.inotherwords/or…3.toputitanotherway…那就是說….換句話說…從另一個角度說EX.5◎Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwatertheirfields.◎Allwhalesconsistoftwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.灌溉有牙齒的齒鯨類6、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞

信號詞:or,like,as…as,thesameas

◎

Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.◎

Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostas

plump

asmother,andmuchshorter.◎代替圓胖的7、生活經驗,生活常識,邏輯推理

◎

Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.

◎

Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcha

ripplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.

◎Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontracts

whencooled.

麻藥波紋膨脹冷縮8.根據生詞所在的上下文猜測詞義例題：Tomcan’tfindhissneakers.C.shoesTomcan’tplaytennisnowbecausehecan’tfindhiswhitesneakers.A.moneyB.bowlsJaneisusuallyprompt.A．lateB．ontimeC．pleasedJaneisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclasstoday.adj.敏捷的,迅速的,即時的adv.準時地Theladyaskedthewaitresstogetherasaucer．A．aglassB．acakeC．asmallplateTheladyaskedthewaitresstogetheracleansaucertoputhercoffeecupon．茶托(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.over（過分的、過量的）＋work＝overwork“工作過度”(2)Therewasadissatisfied

lookinthemanager'seyes.dis“不”+satisfied“滿意的=dissatisfied“不滿意的”9.構詞法（前綴、后綴、復合、派生等）Wordformation

中學英語中常見的前綴和后綴super-（超），-able（能……的），inter-（在……之間），-hood（狀態；性質；時期），

mini-（極少的，微型的）-ish（如……的；有點兒……的）；

micro-（極微小的），-wards（向），

re-（再，反復），-less（不；無），co-（共同），post-(后)，pre-（前）mis-（誤；惡），un-（不；非），