高三英語閱讀理解(社會文化)各地方試卷集合匯編及解析

高三英語閱讀理解(社會文化)各地方試卷集合匯編及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解社會文化類1．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。

Moscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics(漫畫)withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants(移民)howtheyshouldbehave.Theysaya100guideisneededto"keepapositiveimage"ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants.Butcriticshavepointedoutthatforeignmigrantsandnativesmayberegardedasantagonistsinthemanual(手冊).

RussiansandmigrantshaverepeatedlyfloodedinMoscowrecently.Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus(高加索)andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital'sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries.AsignificantnumberofthemworkintheRussiancapitalillegally.

ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe"dos"and"don'ts"tomigrants.Theyareurgednottocausetrouble,bystaringatwomen,oreatingortalkingloudlyonthestreets.Theyarealsowarnedthatthepolicemayroutinely(例行公事)stopthemtochecktheirdocuments.

Inthemanual,Russia'sfamous"threewarriors"aremeanttorepresentthecity'slawenforcementagencies(執法機關),whilePrinceYuriDolgoruky(ahistoricalcharacter)isusedfortoursaroundMoscow.Meanwhile,VasilisatheWiseandTheSnowMaidentestthereaderonRussia'slanguageandhistory.AspecialsectionofthebookexplainstheimportanceoffollowingMoscow'sstrictresidencyandemploymentrules,stressingthatmigrantscouldotherwisebedeported(驅逐出境)orbannedfromentry.

Themanualwaswrittenprimarilyforillegalmigrants,AlexanderKalinin,whoheadsthegroupSupportforWorkingMigrantsinMoscow,toldBBCRussian.

"Wewanttoraisetheirleveloflawawareness,"headded.

Migrantcharactershadinitially(最初)beenidentifiedasrepresentativesofdifferentnationalities,butthebook'sauthorslaterdecidedtodropthisideasoas"nottooffendanyone",saidMr.Kalinin.

"TheoldconflictbetweenRussianheroesandnon-Slavicinvadersisbeingrevived,"YevgenyVarshaver,amigrationexperttoldBBCRussian.Healsosuggestedthatthelanguageusedinthebookwouldbe"difficult"tounderstandforsomemigrantswhowerenotnativeRussianspeakers.（1）Theunderlinedword"antagonists"inParagraph1canprobablybereplacedby"________".A.

friends

B.

acquaintances

C.

cooperators

D.

opponents（2）PeoplefromothercountriescometoMoscow"________".A.

tofindwell-paidjobsB.

tohaveanewlifestyleC.

toenjoythefineclimateD.

toexperienceanewculture（3）Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout"________".A.

consequencesthemigrantsmaysufferB.

thepurposeofpublishingthehandbookC.

themeasurestoattractforeignmigrantsD.

charactersandtheirfunctionsinRussianfairytales（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.

WaystohelpforeignmigrantstosettleinRussiaB.

CharactersfromRussianfairytaleshavenewjobsC.

MoreandmoreforeignmigrantstoworkinMoscowD.

Moscowfairytalecomicstohelpmigrantsbehave【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了莫斯科當局用童話人物的漫畫向移民解釋行為規范。（1）考查詞義猜測。根據第一段中的"Theysaya100guideisneededto‘keepapositiveimage’ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants."可知，他們說需要一份100頁的手冊來保持城市的積極形象，并有助于緩解當地人和移民之間的緊張關系，但批評人士指出，手冊中可能把外國移民和本國人視為敵手，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“敵手、對手”，故選D。（2）考查細節理解。根據第二段中的"Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus(高加索)andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital'sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries."可知，很多移民涌入莫斯科是因為他們被莫斯科相對較高的工作機會和薪水所吸引，故選A。（3）考查段落大意。根據第三段中的"ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe‘dos’and‘don'ts’tomigrants."可知，新的俄語手冊試圖向移民解釋該做什么和不該做什么，由此可知本段主要是介紹出版新手冊的目的，故選B。（4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文，特別是根據第一段中的"Moscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics(漫畫)withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants(移民)howtheyshouldbehave."可知，本文介紹了莫斯科當局用童話人物的漫畫向移民解釋行為規范，故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測，段落大意和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇社會類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節信息，同時根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行推理，歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Amusicfestivalisacommunityeventfocusingonliveperformancesofsingingandinstrumentplayingthatisoftenpresentedwithatheme.Onthelistarethemusicfestivalsforfansaroundtheworld.Findyourfavoritenow!

FieldDay

January1,2018.Sydney

FieldPaymeansNewYear'sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.Seenasthecity'soriginalmulti－stageparty,,it'sagatheringoffriendscomingtogetherforagreatfun-filledfirstdayoftheyear.There'sanairofhopeandpositiveenergyonaperfectsummer'sday.

TheEnvisionFestival

February22–25,2018,Uvita

TheEnvisionFestivalisanannualgatheringinCostaRicathataimstoprovideanopportunityfordifferentculturestoworkwithoneanothertocreateabettercommunity.Thefestivalencouragespeopletopracticeart,music,danceperformances,andeducation.Meanwhile,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.

TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival

March2-4,2018,Phoenix

TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalisPhoenix、musicalcelera,onofcommunityculture.Sinceitsfoundingin2004fitistheonly100%non–profitmusicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.Thefestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyearfromaroundthecountry,anditisanopportunitytoexperiencetrueculture.

TheOldSettler'sMusicFestival

April19-22,2018,Dale

TheOldSettler'sMusicFestivalisanationallyknownmusicfestivalforAmericanmusic.ThefestivalisheldinthecountryofTexasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.TheOldSettler'sMusicFestivaloffersgreatmusicandactivitiesforthewholefamily.（1）InwhichcitycanpeopleenjoyafunNewYear'sDay?A.

Phoenix

B.

Uvita.

C.

Sydney

D.

Dale（2）WhatisspecialabouttheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival?A.

Itencouragespeopletoreceiveeducation.

B.

Itisnotaimedatmakingmoney.C.

Itprovidesanopportunityforfriendgathering.

D.

Itfocusesonculturalexchanges.（3）Whichfestivalsareconnectedwithnature?A.

FieldDayandtheEnvisionFestival.B.

TheEnvisionFestivalandtheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.C.

TheOldSettler'sMusicFestivalandtheMcDowllMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.D.

TheEnvisionFestivalandtheOldSettler'sMusicFestival.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了世界各地的四個受歡迎的音樂節：講述了節日舉行的時間和節日特色。（1）考查細節理解。根據FieldDay部分中的“FieldPaymeansNewYear'sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.”可知，FieldDay對于年輕人來說意味著新年，因此人們在悉尼能夠享受有趣的新年。故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival部分中的“Sinceitsfoundingin2004fitistheonly100%non-profitmusicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.”可知，自從建立以來，這個節日一直是非盈利的音樂節。因此推斷它的目的不是賺錢。故選B。（3）考查細節理解。根據TheEnvisionFestival部分中的“Meanwhile,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.”和TheOldSettler'sMusicFestival部分提到的“ThefestivalisheldinthecountryofTexasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.”可知，這兩個音樂節與大自然有關。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Uncoveramagicalmixofnewandunforgettableexperienceswhenyouaddthemeparkadmission.

Item1:Anall-NewLanaandEveningShowatDisney'sAnimalKingdomThemepork

BuryyourselfinthemagicofnaturelikeneverbeforeatPandora-TheWorldofAvatar.Visitthisdestinationtostartinnovative(革新的)travelandenjoythemeddiningandshoppingopportunities.Andatnight,treatyoursensetoRiversofLight–anincrediblemixtureofwater,soundandlight!

Item2:DazzlingNewShowsatMagicKingdomPark

GetreadytowonderatOnceUponaTime,anewnightprojectionshowthatbringsCinderellaCastletolifewithprojectionsofbelovedDisneyscenesandcharacters.Inaddition,catchtheimpressiveHappilyEverAfterninthwhenitisperformedforthefirsttimeonMay12,2017.Item3:AttractiveEscapadesatEpcot

BoardanancientNorwegianshipandgotothekingdomofArendelleduringaFrozenEverAfteradventure.Then,stopbytheRoyalSommerhustomeetAnnaandElsa—andmaybeevenstartawarmhug.Longingforanairadventure?Takeflightonthere-imagineSoarin'andfeelasthoughyou'reflyingabovesomeoftheearth'smostsurprisinglandmarksandlandscapes.Item4:EpicEntertainmentatDisney'sHollywoodStudios

CatchexcellentstageshowslikeBeautyandtheBeast—LiveonStage,havefunplayingvirtualgamesonToyStoryMania!,andwrapupyourdaywithStarWars:AGalacticSpectacular,alaserandspecialeffectsshowsettoaniconicmusicalscore.

SeriousShopping,One-of-a-KindEateriesandWorld-ClassActsatDisneySprings.

Discoverawaterfrontdestinationfilledwithmorethan150placestoshop,dineandbeentertained—includingbrandnamestores,restaurantswithrooftoproomsandtheonlyplaceintheworldtoseeCirqueduSoleilTMLaNouba.（1）WhatdoItemIandItem4haveincommon?A.

Diningandshopping.

B.

Adventureanddining.C.

Shoppingandperformance.

D.

Shoppingandadventure.（2）Wherecanvisitorsfindacastle?A.

AtEpcot.

B.

AtMagicKingdomPark.C.

AtDisney'sHollywoodStudios.

D.

AtDisney'sAnimalKingdomThemePark.（3）HowcanvisitorsarriveatthekingdomofArendelle?A.

Byair.

B.

Onfoot.

C.

Byship.

D.

Bytrain.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹主題公園的特點。(1)考查細節理解。根據Item1:Anall-NewLanaandEveningShowatDisney'sAnimalKingdomThemepork部分中的“andenjoythemeddiningandshoppingopportunities.”和Item4:EpicEntertainmentatDisney'sHollywoodStudios部分中的“Discoverawaterfrontdestinationfilledwithmorethan150placestoshop,dineandbeentertained”由此可知，ItemI和Item4都涉及到了Dining和shopping.故選A。(2)考查細節理解。根據Item2:DazzlingNewShowsatMagicKingdomPark部分中的“GetreadytowonderatOnceUponaTime,anewnightprojectionshowthatbringsCinderellaCastletolifewithprojectionsofbelovedDisneyscenesandcharacters.”可知，人們在MagicKingdomPark.能找到一個城堡。故選B。(3)考查細節理解。根據Item3:AttractiveEscapadesatEpcot部分中的“BoardanancientNorwegianshipandgotothekingdomofArendelleduringaFrozenEverAfteradventure”.可知，游客坐船可以到thekingdomofArendelle。故選C。【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生準確掌握細節信息，結合題目要求，選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

GuesswhatformerAustralianPrimeMinisterKevinRudd,FacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergandUnitedStatespresidentDonaldTrump'sgranddaughter,ArabellaKushner,haveincommon?TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.

AlthoughChineseisknownasoneofthehardestlanguagestolearn,alotofpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsarestudyingitwithhopesofbigbenefits.

Nov2sawmorethan120people,comingfrom105countries,competeinthefinalsofthe12th"ChineseBridge"ChineseProficiencyCompetitionforforeignsecondaryschoolstudents.HeldinZhengzhou,Henanprovince,thefinalswasmainlymadeupofspeechcontestsandtalentshows.ThecontestantsalsovisitedtheShaolinTemple,LongmenGrottoesandotherhistoricalsitesinHenan.

WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.

Raissa,17,fromtheUnionoftheComoros,developedastrongemotionalconnectionwithChinaafterhergrandmotherwascuredbydoctorsoftheChinesemedicalteaminAfricathreeyearsago.ThisledhertolearnChineseatalocalConfuciusInstitute.

FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina."MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorsdid,"shesaid.

ForFeketeMarcellZoltan,17,fromtheHungarian-ChineseBilingualSchool,studyingChinesemaysecurehimafuturejobasaHungariandiplomat(外交官)toChina."Aftergraduationfromhighschool,IwouldliketofurthermystudiesinChina,"hesaid.

RobertDavis,directoroftheChinese-languageprograminChicago'spublicschoolsystem,maygiveyouahint."Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld."hetoldCGTN.（1）WhyareMarkZuckerbergandArabellaKushnermentionedinparagraphone?A.ToshowChineseispopular.B.Tointroducethemtothereaders.C.TotellthereaderstheyloveChina.D.TostresstheimportanceoflearningChinese.（2）TheunderlinedwordFascinatedinparagraph6canbereplacedby______.A.AttractedB.EmployedC.InspectedD.Appreciated（3）WhatisthecommonreasonforthecompetitorstolearnChinese?A.It'seasytolearn.B.Theywanttobecomeadoctor.C.Theyhopeforagoodjobaftergraduation.D.TheyhaveinterestinChinesecultureandrapiddevelopment.（4）WhatisRobertDavis'attitudetolearningChinese?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Upset.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了漢語變得越來越受歡迎這一現象。（1）考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的“TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亞的首相KevinRudd,臉譜CEOMarkZuckerbergand川普的孫女ArabellaKushner,是為了突出他們都在學漢語，從而表明漢語很流行，所以選A。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據第六段中的“FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina.”可知是由于被中國文化吸引，參賽者參加各種有關中醫以及民間藝術的活動，所以fascinated表示吸引，故選A。（3）考查細節理解。根據第四段“WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.”可知這些參賽者們學習漢語的共同原因是他們對中國文化和發展感興趣，所以選D。（4）考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的“Chineseisn'tthenewFrench.It'sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld.”可知他認為漢語將會像英語一樣在全世界廣泛應用，所以他對學習漢語的態度是支持的，所以選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.

ItquicklyattractedfamousnamessuchasAlecGuinness,RichardBurton,DameMargotFonteynandMarleneDietrichaswellasthebigsymphonyorchestras(交響樂團).ItbecameafixedeventeveryAugustandnowattracts400,000peopleyearly.

Atthesametime,the"Fringe"appearedasachallenge(挑戰)totheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform,andtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.

Soon,groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge,DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle--knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.

Todaythe"Fringe",oncelessrecognized,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1,500performancesoftheatre,musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959,withonly19theatregroupsperforming,somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.

Apaidadministrator(行政人員)wasfirstemployedonlyin1971,andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1.25millionticketsweresold.（1）WhatwasthepurposeofEdinburghFestivalatthebeginning?A.TobringEuropetogetheragain.B.TohonorheroesofWorldWarII.C.Tointroduceyoungtheatregroups.D.ToattractgreatartistsfromEurope.（2）WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburghin1947?A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Theycametotakeupachallenge.C.Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.D.Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.（3）Whatdoesthe"Fringe"meaninthethirdparagraph?A.unpopulargroupsB.non-officialgroupsC.foreigngroupsD.localgroups（4）WemaylearnfromthetextthatEdinburghFestival

.A.hasbecomeanon-officialeventB.hasgonebeyondanartfestivalC.givesshowsallyearroundD.keepsgrowingrapidly【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了愛丁堡音樂節形成和發展，包括對創設目的，參與群體，發展規模等方面進行了簡要而準確的敘述，回顧了愛丁堡音樂節的發展歷程。（1）考查細節理解。根據第一段中的“TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.”可知，這個EdinburghFestival是為了在二戰后重新團結歐洲。故選A。（2）考查細節理解。根據第三段中的“Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform,”可知這些隊伍認為每個人都有表演的權力，所以他們想要參加節日。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據第三段中的“Atthesametime,the‘Fringe’appearedasachallenge(挑戰)totheofficialfestival.”可知Fringe與official是相對的；再根據“Eighttheatregroupsturnedup？”以及第四段中的“Soon,groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge,DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperform”可知很多團體和大學生也參與了進來，所以Fringe譯為非正式的，故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的“todaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.”可知它發展的非常快。故選D。【點評】本題考點涉及細節理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節信息，并根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

LEGObeganasoneman'ssmallbusiness.Buttoday,itisthesecondlargesttoycompanyintheworld.TheLEGOcompanysellssmall,brightlycoloredplasticbricks(積木).PeoplecanbuyLEGObricksinover90countries.

OleKirkKristiansenfromDenmarkbeganhisownbusinessin1932.Hemadeproducts(產品)fromwoodincludingcolorfulwoodentoys.Kristiansen'syoungson,Godtfred,workedwithhim.Theirbusinesshelpedthemmakealotofmoney.

By1934,theKristiansensnamedtheircompanyLEGO,whichcamefromtwoDanishwords,"leg"and"godt",meaning"playwell".TheLEGOcompanygrewslowly.Butitcontinuedtocreateexcellentwoodentoys.

By1947,theLEGOcompanybeganusinganewmaterial(材料)tomaketheirtoys—plastic.OneofthetoystheysoldwascalledtheAutomaticBindingBrick.Apersoncouldputthebrickstogethertobuildsomething.Butthebricksdidnotholdtogethereasily.Still,theywereapopulartoy.

Afewyearslater,in1954,GodtfredKirkKristiansenhadabigidea.HewantedalloftheLEGObrickstofittogether.Finally,fouryearslater,in1958,theLEGOcompanyfoundtheiranswer.TheyinventedthefirstmodernstyleLEGObrick,whichwassimilartotheAutomaticBindingBrickbuteachpiecewouldfitwithanyotherpiece.

Sincethattime,anytoythattheLEGOcompanycreatedwouldfitwithanyothertoytheycreated.Today,LEGOisnotonlythesecondlargesttoymakerintheworld,butalsomakingitsproductsagreatwayforchildrentolearncreativebuildingskills.（1）WhentheLEGOcompanywassetup,it________.A.hadarapidgrowthB.failedtoattractchildrenC.invitedchildrentoworkwithitD.wassmallbutsuccessful（2）WhatdoweknowabouttheAutomaticBindingBrick?A.Itwaslikedbyfewpeople.B.Itwasthebestofitskind.C.Itwasabuildingtoy.D.Itwasmadeofwood.（3）ThefirstmodernstyleLEGObrick________.A.fittogetherperfectlyB.wascreatedbyGodtfredandhisfatherC.wasinventedintheearly1950sD.differedgreatlyfromtheAutomaticBindingBrick（4）What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.LEGO:EducationalToysB.LEGO:PlayWellC.ToyCompanies:FromSmalltoBigD.ToyCompanies:NeverTooLatetoCreate【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了丹麥知名玩具品牌樂高的發展歷程。（1）考查細節理解。根據第一段中的“LEGObeganasoneman'ssmallbusiness”；以及第二段中的“Theirbusinesshelpedthemmakealotofmoney,可知，高公司在創立初期雖然規模不大但盈利很多。因此可知公司規模雖小但很成功，故選D。（2）考查細節理解。根據第四段中的“Apersoncouldputthebrickstogethertobuildsomething.”可知，AutomaticBindingBrick是一種拼裝積木，可以使用積木組裝玩具，故選C。（3）考查細節理解。根據倒數第二段中的"thefirstmodernstyleLEGObrick...eachpiecewouldfitwithanyotherpiece”可知，現代的樂高積木可以彼此完全貼合，從而組裝成一個整體。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據第三段“By1934,theKristiansensnamedtheircompanyLEGO,whichcamefromtwoDanishwords,‘leg’and‘godt’，meaning‘playwell’.TheLEGOcompanygrewslowly.Butitcontinuedtocreateexcellentwoodentoys.”可知，文章介紹了知名積木玩具樂高的發展情況，LEGO在丹麥語中意為"玩得好”，這是公司制作玩具的宗旨所在，因此B項作標題概括了文章主旨也表達了樂高的宗旨，故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節信息，并根據上下文進行概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Americansgavenearly$300billionawaylastyear.Doyouknowthereason?Beyondthenoblegoalsofhelpingothers,itisthatgivingwillmakethemhappier.

Itisafactthatgiversarehappierpeoplethannon-givers.AccordingtotheSocialCapitalCommunityBenchmarkSurvey,asurveyof30,000Americanhouseholds,peoplewhogivemoneytocharityare43%morelikelythannon-giverstosaytheyare"veryhappy"abouttheirlives.Similarly,volunteersare42%morelikelytobeveryhappythennon-volunteers.

Thehappinessdifferencebetweengiversandnon-giversisnotduetodifferencesintheirpersonalcharacteristics,suchasincomeorreligion.Imaginetwopeoplewhoareidenticalintermsofincomeandfaith,aswellasage,education,politics,sex,andfamilycircumstances,butonedonatesmoneyandvolunteers,whiletheotherdoesnot.Thegiverwillbe,onaverage,over40percentagepointsmorelikelytobeveryhappythanthenon-givers.

Anumberofstudieshaveresearchedexactlywhycharityleadstohappiness.Thesurprisingconclusionisthatgivingaffectsourbrainchemistry.Forexample,peoplewhogiveoftenreportfeelingsofeuphoria,whichpsychologistshavereferredtoasthe"Helper'sHigh".Theybelievethatcharitableactivityproducesaverymildversionofthesensationspeoplegetfromdrugslikemorphineandheroin.

Ofcourse,notonlydoesgivingincreaseourhappiness,butalsoourhappinessincreasesthepossibilitythatwewillgive.Everyonepreferstogivemorewhentheyarehappy.Researchershaveinvestigatedthisbyconductingexperimentsinwhichpeopleareaskedabouttheirhappinessbeforeandaftertheyparticipateinacharitableactivity,suchasvolunteeringtohelpchildrenorservingmealstothepoor.Theresultisclearthatgivinghasastrong,positivecausalimpactonourhappiness,sodoeshappinessongiving（1）AccordingtoParagraph2.Wecanlearnthat

.A.

onlythosepeoplewhogavemoneytocharitywillbehappyB.

moregiverssaytheyfeelhavinghappylivesthannon-giversC.

thosewhodonatemoneyarehappierthanthosewhovolunteerD.

42%ofthevolunteerssaytheyareashappyasthenon-volunteers（2）Whatcausesthehappinessdifference?A.

Income.

B.

Faith.

C.

Education.

D.

Donation.（3）Ifapersonfeelshappy,hemay

.A.

askformoredonations

B.

stopcharitableactivityC.

belikelytogivemore.

D.

cookfoodforthepoor【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了美國人愛做慈善，因為給予別人幫助比得到幫助更讓人快樂。（1）考查細節理解。根據第二段中的“peoplewhogivemoneytocharityare43%morelikelythannon-giverstosaytheyare‘veryhappy’abouttheirlives.”可知給予者比得到幫助者更快樂。故選B。（2）考查細節理解。根據第三段年齡，性別，收入，信仰，家庭環境都相同的兩個人，總是向慈善機構捐錢的那個人，更快樂?？芍蔷栀浐徒o予影響一個人的快樂。故選D。（3）考查細節理解。根據最后一段中的“notonlydoesgivingincreaseourhappiness,butalsoourhappinessincreasesthepossibilitythatwewillgive.”一個人越快樂就越愿意去捐贈，去幫助別人。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節理解題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生準確掌握細節信息，結合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀短文，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

Overtheyears,cheerleadinghastakentwoprimaryforms:game-timecheerleadingandcompetitivecheerleading.Game-timecheerleaders'maingoalistoentertainthecrowdandleadthemwithteamcheers,whichshouldnotbeconsideredasport.However,competitivecheerleadingismorethanaformofentertainment.Itisreallyacompetitivesport.

Competitivecheerleadingincludeslotsofphysicalactivity.Themajorityoftheteamsrequireacertainleveloftumbling(翻騰)ability.It'saverycommonthingforgymnasts,soit'seasyforthemtogointocompetitivecheerleading.Usuallythesecheerleadersintegratelotsoftheirgymnasticsexperienceincludingtheirjumps,tumbling,andoverallenergy.Theyalsoperformliftsandthrows.Thisiswherethe"fliers"arethrownintheair,heldby"bases"indifferentpositionsthatrequirestrengthandworkingwithotherteammates.

Competitivecheerleadingisalsoanactivitythatisgovernedbyrulesunderwhichawinnercanbedeclared.Itisawardedpointsfortechnique,creativityandsharpness.Usuallythemoredifficulttheactionis,thebetterthescoreis.That'swhycheerleadersaretryingtoexperiencegreatdifficultyintheirperformance.

Besides,thereisalsoastrictruleoftime.Thewholeperformancehastobecompletedinlessthanthreeminutesandfifteenseconds,duringwhichthecheerleadersarerequiredtostaywithinacertainarea.Anyperformancebeyondthelimitoftimeisinvalid.

Anotherreasonforthefactthatcompetitivecheerleadingisoneofthehardestsportsisthatithasmorereportedinjuries.Accordingtosomeresearch,competitivecheerleadingisthenumberonecauseofserioussportsinjuriestowomen.Emergencyroomvisitsforitarefivetimesthenumberthanforanyothersport,partiallybecausecheerleadersdon'tuseprotectiveequipment.Smilingcheerleadersarethrownintotheairandmovedownintothearmsoftheteammates,whichmayeasilycauseinjuries.Generally,theseinjuriesaffectallareasofthebody,includingwrists,shoulders,ankles,head,andneck.

Therecanbenodoubtthatcompetitivecheerleadingisasportwithprofessionalskills.Hopefully,itwillappearintheOlympicssincecheerleadersarejustasathleticandphysicallyfitasthoseinvolvedinthemoreacceptedsports.Itshouldbenotedthatitisateamsportandeventhesmallestmistakemadebyoneteammatecanbringthescoreoftheentireteamdown.Sowithoutworkingtogethertoachievethegoal,firstplaceisoutofreach.（1）Whatisthemainpurposeofcompetitivecheerleading?A.

Tocompareskillsofparticipants.

B.

Tomaketheaudiencefeelamused.C.

Toattractmorepeopletowatcheve