全國英語等級考試（PETS）三級復習試題庫(清遠2025年下半年)

全國英語等級考試（PETS）三級復習試題庫(清遠2025年下半年)SectionIListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Thelisteningmaterialsarepresentedinwrittenformatbelow,simulatingtheaudioscript.Readthescriptsandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.PartAYouwillhear10shortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.ChoosethecorrectanswerfromthefouroptionsmarkedA,B,C,andD.1.M:Didyoumanagetofinishthefinancialreportyesterdayafternoon?Ineededitfortheboardmeetingthismorning.W:Iwashalfwaythroughitwhentheofficesuddenlyexperiencedapoweroutage.Ihadtostaylateafterthebackupgeneratorkickedintocompleteit.Question:Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Sheforgottowritethereport.B.Shefinishedthereportontimedespitethepowercut.C.Shedidn'tknowabouttheboardmeeting.D.Shelefttheofficeearlyyesterday.2.W:Howwasyourhikingtriptothemountainslastweekend?Iheardtheweatherwasquiteunpredictable.M:Itstartedoffsunny,butbynoonwewerecaughtinaheavydownpour.Wehadtoseekshelterinacaveuntilitpassed.Question:Whathappenedtothemanduringhistrip?A.Hegotlostinthemountains.B.Hewasinjuredwhilehiking.C.Heencounteredasuddenrainstorm.D.Heforgottobringhisumbrella.3.M:Iamplanningtotakeacourseondigitalmarketingthissemester,butthetuitionfeeisabitbeyondmycurrentbudget.W:Haveyouconsideredapplyingfortheuniversity'salumnischolarship?ThedeadlineforsubmissionsisnextFriday.Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Dropthedigitalmarketingcourse.B.Applyforascholarship.C.Borrowmoneyfromafriend.D.Findapart-timejob.4.W:Thecitylibraryisgoingtobeclosedforrenovationstartingnextmonth.Howarewesupposedtostudyforourfinalexams?M:Don'tworry.Theuniversityhasarrangedforatemporarystudyspaceintheoldgymnasium,andtheyareprovidingfreeshuttlebusesbetweenthedormsandthegym.Question:Whatwillhappennextmonth?A.Theuniversitywillholdfinalexams.B.Theoldgymnasiumwillbetorndown.C.Thecitylibrarywillcloseforrepairs.D.Freeshuttlebuseswillbecancelled.5.M:Iheardyouaremovingtoanewapartment.Isitclosertoyourworkplace?W:Notexactly.Itisaboutthesamedistance,butthenewplacehasamuchlargerkitchenandabalconywhereIcangrowsomeflowers.Question:Whydidthewomanmovetoanewapartment?A.Tobeclosertowork.B.Tohaveabiggerkitchen.C.Tosavemoneyonrent.D.Tolivewithherfamily.6.W:DidyouwatchthedocumentaryaboutmarinelifeonTVlastnight?Itwasfascinating.M:Iintendedto,butmysistercalledmerightbeforeitstartedtohelpherfixhercomputer.BythetimeIfinished,itwasalreadyover.Question:Whydidn'tthemanwatchthedocumentary?A.Hewasn'tinterestedinmarinelife.B.Hehadtofixacomputer.C.Hewaswatchinganotherprogram.D.Hefellasleepearly.7.M:ThetraintoShanghaiisscheduledtodepartat3:00PM,right?It'salready2:45PMandwearestillstuckintraffic.W:Relax,therailwaystationrecentlyupdatedtheirschedule.Ourtrainactuallyleavesat3:30PMnow,givingusanextrahalfhour.Question:WhendoesthetraintoShanghaileavenow?A.2:45PMB.3:00PMC.3:30PMD.4:00PM8.W:Iamthinkingaboutadoptingavegetariandiet.Doyouthinkitishealthy?M:Itcanbeveryhealthyifdonecorrectly.Youjustneedtomakesureyougetenoughproteinfromalternativesourceslikebeansandtofu.Question:Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsavegetariandiet?A.Hestronglyopposesit.B.Hethinksitrequirescarefulplanning.C.Hebelievesitisunhealthy.D.Heisalreadyavegetarian.9.M:Ican'tfindmycarkeysanywhere.I'vecheckedmypockets,thetable,andthedrawer.W:ThelasttimeIsawyou,youwereheadingtothegaragetofetchthetoolbox.Whydon'tyoulookthere?Question:Wheredoesthewomansuggestthemanlookforhiskeys?A.Inhispockets.B.Onthetable.C.Inthedrawer.D.Inthegarage.10.W:Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbefreezingtomorrow.Shouldwecanceltheoutdoorteam-buildingevent?M:Let'swaituntiltomorrowmorningtomakethedecision.Theforecastisofteninaccurateforthistimeofyear.Maybeitwillclearup.Question:Whatwilltheyprobablydo?A.Canceltheeventimmediately.B.Waitandseetheweathertomorrow.C.Movetheeventindoorstomorrow.D.Checkanotherweatherforecast.PartBYouwillhearseverallongerconversationsandtalks.Aftereach,youwillbeaskedsomequestions.ChoosethecorrectanswerfromthefouroptionsmarkedA,B,C,andD.Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingconversationaboutanewarchitecturalproject.M:Welcometoourshow,Sarah.Weheardyouareleadingtheneweco-friendlyhousingprojectinthesuburbs.Canyoutellusaboutthecoredesignphilosophy?W:Thankyouforhavingme.Ourprimarygoalistoachievezerocarbonemissions.Thehousesaredesignedwithadvancedthermalinsulationmaterialstominimizeenergyloss.Thetotalenergyefficiencyimprovement,calculatedusingtheformula=(M:Thatisimpressive.Whataboutrenewableenergysources?W:Everyroofisequippedwithsolarpanels.Furthermore,wehaveimplementedarainwaterharvestingsystemthatsupplieswaterforallnon-potableuses,likegardeningandtoiletflushing.Thecommunitygardenisdesignedtopromotelocalfoodproduction,reducingthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithfoodtransportation.M:Howdotheresidentsrespondtothesetechnologies?W:Thefeedbackhasbeenoverwhelminglypositive.Whiletheinitialinvestmentisslightlyhigher,thelong-termsavingsonutilitybillsaresubstantial.Moreover,residentsfeelastrongsenseofprideincontributingtoenvironmentalprotection.11.Whatisthecoredesignphilosophyofthenewhousingproject?A.Maximizinglivingspace.B.Achievingzerocarbonemissions.C.Reducingconstructioncosts.D.Promotinglocalfoodtransportation.12.Howisthewaterforgardeningandtoiletflushingsourced?A.Fromthelocalriver.B.Fromthecity'srecycledwaterplant.C.Fromarainwaterharvestingsystem.D.Fromundergroundwells.13.Howdotheresidentsfeelaboutthenewtechnologies?A.Theycomplainaboutthehighmaintenancecosts.B.Theyareworriedaboutthereliabilityofsolarpanels.C.Theyarepositiveandproudoftheenvironmentalcontribution.D.Theyprefertraditionalhousingstructures.Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingtalkgivenbyamuseumtourguide.W:WelcometotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.Today,Iwillbeguidingyouthroughournewlyopeneddinosaurexhibition.Toyourleft,youwillseetheskeletonofaTyrannosaurusRex,oneofthelargestcarnivorestoeverwalktheearth.ThisspecimenwasdiscoveredintheGobiDesertin1998andwaspainstakinglyexcavatedoveraperiodoffiveyears.PaleontologistsbelievethisT-Rexlivedapproximately66millionyearsago,duringthelateCretaceousperiod.Noticethestructureofitsjaw;thebiteforceofaT-Rexwasestimatedtobearound12,800pounds,strongenoughtocrushboneeffortlessly.Movingforward,wewillseeadisplayoffossilizedeggs.Theseeggsprovidecrucialinsightsintothereproductivehabitsofdinosaurs.Pleasefeelfreetotakephotographs,butdonotuseflash,asitcandegradecertainfragileexhibits.Wewillnowproceedtothenexthall,whereinteractivedisplaysallowyoutoexperienceasimulatedprehistoricenvironment.ThetotalmassoftheT-Rexskeleton,representedbytheequationm=∈ρ14.WherewastheT-Rexskeletonfound?A.IntheAmazonrainforest.B.IntheGobiDesert.C.IntheAfricansavanna.D.IntheCanadianRockies.15.WhendidtheT-Rexlive?A.DuringtheJurassicperiod.B.100millionyearsago.C.DuringthelateCretaceousperiod.D.1998yearsago.16.Whatistherestrictionforvisitorsintheexhibition?A.Theycannottouchtheexhibits.B.Theycannotbringbagsinside.C.Theycannotuseflashphotography.D.Theymuststaywiththeguideatalltimes.17.Whatwillthevisitorsseeinthenexthall?A.Moredinosaurskeletons.B.Agiftshop.C.Interactivedisplayswithasimulatedenvironment.D.Adocumentaryfilmaboutpaleontology.Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingconversationbetweentwocollegestudents.M:Hey,Lisa.Youlookexhausted.Haveyoubeenstayinguplatestudyingforthebiologyfinalagain?W:Yes,Tom.I'vebeeninthelibraryuntilmidnightforthepastthreedays.Thereisjusttoomuchinformationtoabsorb.Ifeellikemybrainiscompletelysaturated.M:Iknowthefeeling.Lastsemester,Ihadthesameissuewithorganicchemistry.Aseniorstudentgavemeagreatpieceofadvice:insteadofcrammingforhours,trythePomodoroTechnique.W:Whatisthat?Isitsomekindofstudymethod?M:Exactly.Youstudyintenselyfor25minutes,thentakea5-minutebreak.Afterfourcycles,youtakealongerbreakof15to30minutes.Ithelpsmaintainhighconcentrationlevelsandpreventsmentalfatigue.Thelearningretentionrate,modeledbytheequationR=loW:Thatsoundslogical.Iusuallyjustreadforfourhoursstraightwithoutstandingup.Maybethat'swhyIcan'trememberanythingthenextday.M:Youshouldalsochangeyourstudyenvironment.Trystudyinginacoffeeshoporaquietpark.Achangeofscenerycansometimesstimulatethebrainandmakethematerialmorememorable.W:Iwilldefinitelytrythat.Thankyou,Tom.Ineedtofigureoutabetterstrategybeforethefinals.18.WhydoesLisalookexhausted?A.Shehasapart-timejob.B.Shehasbeenstudyinglateforthreedays.C.Sheissickwithacold.D.Shehasbeenworkingonaproject.19.WhatdoesTomsuggestLisado?A.Studyforlongerhours.B.Changehermajor.C.UsethePomodoroTechnique.D.Drinkmorecoffee.20.AccordingtoTom,whatisthebenefitofchangingthestudyenvironment?A.Itprovidesmorenaturallight.B.Itallowshertomeetnewfriends.C.Itcanstimulatethebrainandimprovememory.D.Itsavesmoneyonlibraryfees.SectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankfromthefouroptionsmarkedA,B,C,andD.Themodernworkplaceisundergoingarapidtransformation,drivenprimarilybytheintegrationofartificialintelligenceandautomation.Whilethesetechnologicaladvancementshavesignificantly21productivityandefficiency,theyhavealsosparkedwidespread22aboutthefutureofhumanemployment.Manytraditionaljobs,particularlythoseinvolving23andmanualtasks,areatriskofbeing24bymachines.However,expertsarguethatthisshiftdoesnotnecessarily25afuturedevoidofworkforhumans.26,itislikelytoredefinethenatureofworkitself.Oneofthemostsignificantchangesisthegrowing27forsoftskills.WhileAIexcelsatdata28andlogicalproblem-solving,itlackstheempathy,emotionalintelligence,and29thinkingthatarecrucialinfieldssuchashealthcare,education,andmanagement.Therefore,employeeswhocan30effectivelywithothers,demonstrateleadership,and31torapidlychangingsituationswillfindthemselvesinhigh32.Companiesareincreasingly33thattechnicalskillsalonearenolongersufficienttodrive34.Theyneedindividualswhocanbridgethe35betweentechnologyandhumanexperience,translatingcomplexdatainto36strategies.Furthermore,thegigeconomyhas37newopportunitiesforindependentworkers.Thetraditional9-to-5modelisgraduallybeing38byflexibleworkarrangements,offeringindividualsgreater39overtheirschedules.However,thisflexibilityalsocomeswithchallenges,suchas40incomeandalackoftraditionalemploymentbenefits.21.A.reducedB.boostedC.haltedD.threatened22.A.anxietyB.excitementC.indifferenceD.confidence23.A.creativeB.repetitiveC.complexD.strategic24.A.createdB.managedC.replacedD.enhanced25.A.leadB.createC.meanD.predict26.A.ThereforeB.InsteadC.HoweverD.Moreover27.A.demandB.supplyC.lackD.cost28.A.creationB.analysisC.collectionD.deletion29.A.logicalB.criticalC.computationalD.rigid30.A.communicateB.competeC.argueD.work31.A.resistB.objectC.adaptD.submit32.A.demandB.spiritC.positionD.regard33.A.forgettingB.realizingC.denyingD.ignoring34.A.innovationB.costC.failureD.silence35.A.riverB.wallC.gapD.bridge36.A.unworkableB.actionableC.theoreticalD.invisible37.A.closedB.destroyedC.openedD.restricted38.A.adoptedB.acceptedC.supplementedD.replaced39.A.controlB.pressureC.workloadD.stress40.A.stableB.highC.irregularD.guaranteedSectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingthreetexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.Text1Theconceptofurbangreenspaceshasevolvedsignificantlyoverthepastcentury.Onceviewedmerelyasdecorativepatchesoflandwithintheconcretejungle,modernurbanplanningnowrecognizesthemasvitalcomponentsofacity'secosystem.Greenspaces,whichincludeparks,communitygardens,andgreenroofs,provideamultitudeofenvironmental,social,andeconomicbenefitsthatareessentialforsustainableurbanliving.Fromanenvironmentalperspective,greenspacesactasthe"lungs"ofthecity.Treesandplantsabsorbcarbondioxideandotherharmfulpollutants,releasingoxygenbackintotheatmosphere.Thisnaturalfiltrationsystemiscrucialformitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffect,aphenomenonwherecitycentersexperiencesignificantlyhighertemperaturesthansurroundingruralareasduetoheat-absorbingconcreteandasphalt.Furthermore,greenroofscanretainrainwater,reducingtheburdenoncitydrainagesystemsduringheavystormsandpreventingurbanflooding.Socially,theseareasserveascommunalhubswhereresidentscangather,interact,andbuildasenseofcommunity.Intoday'sfast-paced,digitally-drivenworld,publicparksofferamuch-neededsanctuaryforrelaxationandphysicalactivity.Studieshaveconsistentlyshownthataccesstogreenspacesislinkedtoreducedstresslevels,improvedmentalhealth,andlowerratesofobesity.Forchildren,thesespacesprovidesafeenvironmentsforunstructuredplay,whichiscriticalforcognitiveandsocialdevelopment.Economically,thepresenceofwell-maintainedgreenspacescansignificantlyincreasepropertyvaluesinthesurroundingareas.Businessesalsobenefit;studiesindicatethatshoppersarewillingtospendmoreindistrictswithabundanttreesandlandscaping.Furthermore,greenspacescanreducepublichealthcarecostsbypromotingactivelifestylesandimprovingoverallpublichealth.TheeconomicreturnoninvestmentforurbangreeningprojectsisoftenmeasuredusingtheformulaRODespitetheseclearbenefits,manycitiesstruggletoallocatesufficientlandandresourcesforgreenspacedevelopment.Asurbanpopulationscontinuetosurge,thecompetitionforlandbecomesfierce,oftenresultingingreenspacesbeingsacrificedforresidentialorcommercialdevelopment.Therefore,urbanplannersmustadvocateforinnovativesolutions,suchasverticalforestsandrooftopgardens,toensurethattheheartofthecitycontinuestobeatgreen.41.Accordingtothetext,howwereurbangreenspacestraditionallyviewed?A.Asessentialforsustainableliving.B.Aspurelydecorativeareas.C.Ascrucialforthecity'secosystem.D.Aseconomichubsforbusinesses.42.Whatisthe"urbanheatislandeffect"?A.Asystemwherecitycentersabsorboxygen.B.Thehighertemperaturesincitycenterscomparedtoruralareas.C.Thefloodingcausedbyheavystormsincities.D.Thenaturalfiltrationofpollutantsbyplants.43.Howdogreenspacesbenefitchildrenspecifically?A.Byprovidingunstructuredplayenvironmentsfordevelopment.B.Byincreasingtheiracademictestscores.C.Byofferingthemjobopportunitiesincommunitygardens.D.Byreducingtheirexposuretodigitaldevices.44.Whydobusinessesbenefitfromgreenspaces?A.Theycanbuildlargerstores.B.Shopperstendtospendmoremoneyingreenareas.C.Theparksprovidefreeadvertisingspace.D.Theyreducetheneedforpublichealthcare.45.Whatisthemainchallengefacingurbangreenspacedevelopmentmentionedinthetext?A.Lackofpublicinterest.B.Highmaintenancecosts.C.Fiercecompetitionforland.D.Negativeimpactonpropertyvalues.Text2Thetraditionaleducationalmodel,characterizedbystandardizedtestingandarigidcurriculum,isfacingincreasingscrutinyinthe21stcentury.Criticsarguethatthissystem,alegacyoftheIndustrialRevolution,wasdesignedtoproducecompliantfactoryworkersratherthancreative,independentthinkers.Inanerawhereinformationisreadilyaccessibleatourfingertips,themerememorizationoffactsisnolongerasufficientmeasureofintelligenceorcapability.Enterproject-basedlearning(PBL),analternativepedagogicalapproachthatisgainingtractioninprogressiveschoolsworldwide.PBLshiftsthefocusfrompassivereceptionofinformationtoactive,inquiry-basedexploration.InatypicalPBLenvironment,studentsarepresentedwithacomplex,real-worldproblemandaretaskedwithresearching,designing,andpresentingasolution.Thismethodrequiresstudentstointegrateknowledgefromvariousdisciplines,fosteringadeeperunderstandingofthesubjectmatter.OneoftheprimaryadvantagesofPBLisitsabilitytocultivatecriticalsoftskills.Collaborationisinherentintheprocess,asstudentsusuallyworkinteams,mirroringthedynamicsofamodernworkplace.Theylearntodelegatetasks,negotiatedifferingopinions,andresolveconflicts.Furthermore,PBLencouragesresilienceandadaptability.Whenaproposedsolutionfails,studentsmustanalyzethefailure,pivottheirstrategy,andtryagain—aprocessthatbuildsgritandagrowthmindset.However,thetransitiontoPBLisnotwithoutitschallenges.Teachersaccustomedtotraditionallecturingmayfinditdifficulttorelinquishcontrolandactasfacilitatorsratherthaninstructors.AssessingstudentprogressinPBLisalsomoresubjectiveandtime-consumingthangradingamultiple-choicetest.Itrequiresrubricsthatevaluatenotjustthefinalproduct,buttheresearchprocess,teamwork,andpresentationskills.Despitethesehurdles,thelong-termbenefitsofPBLarecompelling.Byconnectingclassroomlearningtoreal-worldapplications,studentsaremoreengagedandmotivated.Theygraduatenotjustwithadiploma,butwithaportfolioofskillsthataredirectlyapplicabletothecomplexitiesofmodernlifeandwork.TheeffectivenessofPBLcanbeconceptualizedthroughalearningretentionequation:L=k×lo(+46.Whatisthemaincriticismofthetraditionaleducationalmodelinthetext?A.Itfocusestoomuchoncreativity.B.Itreliestooheavilyontechnology.C.ItwasdesignedfortheIndustrialRevolutionandpromotescompliance.D.Itistoodifficultformodernstudents.47.Whatisthecorecharacteristicofproject-basedlearning(PBL)?A.Passivereceptionofinformation.B.Standardizedmultiple-choicetesting.C.Active,inquiry-basedexplorationofreal-worldproblems.D.Strictadherencetoasinglediscipline.48.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasoftskillcultivatedbyPBL?A.CollaborationB.ResilienceC.MemorizationD.Conflictresolution49.WhatisamajorchallengeforteacherstransitioningtoPBL?A.Theyhavetoworklongerhoursforlesspay.B.Theymustshiftfrombeinginstructorstofacilitators.C.Theyneedtolearnhowtousemoderntechnology.D.Theyarerequiredtocreatemoremultiple-choicetests.50.WhatdoestheequationL=A.Passivelisteningisthemosteffectivewaytolearn.B.Priorknowledgehasnoimpactonlearningretention.C.Activeparticipationsignificantlyincreaseslong-termknowledgeretention.D.Standardizedtestingisnecessaryformeasuringintelligence.Text3Theglobalcoffeeindustryisamulti-billion-dollarenterprise,yetthefarmerswhocultivatethebeansoftenreceiveadisproportionatelysmallfractionoftheprofits.ThiseconomicdisparityhasledtotheriseoftheFairTrademovement,analternativetrademodeldesignedtopromoteequityandsustainabilityininternationaltrade.FairTradecertificationguaranteesthatfarmersreceiveaminimumpricefortheirgoods,protectingthemfromthevolatilityoftheglobalcommoditymarket.Thetraditionalcoffeesupplychainisnotoriouslycomplexandopaque.Ittypicallyinvolvesmultipleintermediaries:thefarmer,alocalbuyer,anexporter,animporter,aroaster,andfinally,theretailer.Eachentityinthischaintakesacutoftheprofit,leavingthefarmeratthebottomwithmeagerearnings.Furthermore,whenglobalcoffeepricesdropduetooverproductionormarketspeculation,farmersareoftenpaidlessthanthecostofproduction,plungingthemintocyclesofdebt.FairTradeseekstoaddressthesesystemicinjusticesbyshorteningthesupplychainandestablishingdirect,long-termpartnershipsbetweenbuyersandproducers.Byeliminatingunnecessarymiddlemen,alargershareoftheretailpricereachesthefarmingcommunities.Inadditiontotheminimumpriceguarantee,FairTradepremiumsarepaidintoacommunalfundmanagedbythefarmersthemselves.Thisfundisinvestedincommunitydevelopmentprojects,suchasbuildingschools,improvinghealthcarefacilities,ortransitioningtoorganicfarmingmethods.However,theFairTrademodelisnotwithoutitscritics.Someeconomistsarguethattheminimumpricefloorcreatesanartificialmarketthatencouragesoverproduction,asitincentivizesmorefarmerstogrowcoffeeevenwhendemandislow.Thisoversupplycanultimatelydrivedowntheglobalmarketprice,harmingnon-FairTradefarmerswhodonotbenefitfromthepricefloor.OtherspointoutthatthecostofobtainingandmaintainingFairTradecertificationisprohibitivelyexpensiveforthesmallestandpoorestfarmingcooperatives,meaningthesystemoftenbenefitsthosewhoarealreadysomewhatestablished.Despitethesecriticisms,consumerdemandforethicallysourcedproductscontinuestogrow.ManyconsumersarewillingtopayapremiumforFairTradecoffee,viewingtheirpurchaseasavoteforsocialjusticeandenvironmentalsustainability.TheeconomicimpactofFairTradeonacommunitycanbemodeledbythefunction=(?)×+,whereisthefairtradeprice,isthemarketprice,isthequantitysold,and51.Whatistheprimaryproblemwiththetraditionalcoffeesupplychainmentionedinthetext?A.Itistooshortandlacksintermediaries.B.Farmersreceiveasmallfractionoftheprofitsduetomultiplemiddlemen.C.ItreliestooheavilyonFairTradecertification.D.Itforcesfarmerstoselltheircoffeeatlocalmarketsonly.52.HowdoesFairTradeprotectfarmersfrommarketvolatility?A.Bybuyingallthecoffeeintheworld.B.Byguaranteeingaminimumpricefortheirgoods.C.Byemployingmoremiddlementohandlethecoffee.D.Byencouragingfarmerstogrowdifferentcrops.53.WhatisthepurposeoftheFairTradecommunalfund?A.Topaythesalariesoftheintermediaries.B.ToadvertiseFairTradecoffeeindevelopedcountries.C.Toinvestincommunitydevelopmentprojectslikeschools.D.Tobuymorelandforcoffeecultivation.54.WhatisamajorcriticismoftheFairTrademodel?A.Itchargesfarmerstoomuchforcertification.B.Itdiscouragesfarmersfromusingorganicmethods.C.Theminimumpricefloormayleadtooverproduction.D.Itdecreasesconsumerdemandforcoffee.55.Accordingtotheeconomicimpactfunction,whatdoesrepresent?A.Thecostofcertification.B.Theglobalmarketpriceofcoffee.C.Thecommunitypremiumfund.D.Thequantityofcoffeesold.PartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbycompletingthesentences.Writeyouranswersbrieflyandaccurately.Therapiddevelopmentofdronetechnologyhasopenedupnewpossibilitiesinthefieldofwildlifeconservation.Traditionally,trackingandmonitoringendangeredspeciesrequiredteamsofresearcherstraversingdifficultterrainsonfootorusingexpensive,noisyhelicopters.Drones,equippedwithhigh-resolutioncamerasandthermalsensors,offeranon-invasiveandhighlyefficientalternative.Oneofthemostsuccessfulapplicationsofdronetechnologyisinthefightagainstpoaching.InnationalparksacrossAfricaandAsia,dronesaredeployedtopatrolvastareasofland,particularlyduringthenightwhenpoachersaremostactive.Thethermalsensorscandetectthebodyheatofbothanimalsandhumans,allowingparkrangerstointerceptillegalhuntersbeforetheycancauseharm.Thecoverageareaofasingledrone,representedbytheequationA=π·Moreover,dronesareusedforpopulationsurveysandbehavioralstudies.Bycapturingaerialfootage,researcherscanaccuratelycountanimalpopulationswithoutdisturbingtheirnaturalhabitats.Thisdataiscrucialforunderstandingmigrationpatterns,assessingthehealthofecosystems,andmakinginformedpolicydecisions.Formarinelife,dronesareusedtomonitorwhalepopulationsandtracktheeffectsofclimatechangeoncoralreefs.Despitethesebenefits,theuseofdronesinconservationisnotwithoutchallenges.Badweather,suchasstrongwindsandheavyrain,cangrounddronesandinterruptdatacollection.Therearealsoconcernsaboutbatterylife,asmostdronescanonlyflyforalimitedtimebeforeneedingarecharge.Furthermore,ifnotoperatedcarefully,dronescancausestresstocertainsensitivespecies,suchasbirds,whichmightperceivethedroneasapredator.Tomitigatetheseissues,researchersaredevelopingmoreadvanceddroneswithlongerflighttimesandquietermotors.Theyarealsoestablishingstrictoperationalguidelinestoensurethatthedronesmaintainasafedistancefromtheanimalsatalltimes.Astechnologycontinuestoimprove,dronesarepoisedtobecomeanindispensabletoolintheglobalefforttoprotectandpreserveourplanet'sbiodiversity.56.Whataredronesequippedwithtoofferanon-invasivealternativeinwildlifeconservation?57.Whyaredronesparticularlyeffectiveagainstnight-timepoaching?58.WhatdoesthevariablerrepresentinthecoverageareaequationA=59.Whatkindofdatadoresearcherscollectusingdronestounderstandmigrationpatterns?60.Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentoreducethestressdronesmightcausetosensitivespecies?SectionIVWritingPartADirections:Youhavefoundanerrorinarecentbankstatementandneedtowriteane