大學英語四級考試完形填空沖刺練習題及詳解

大學英語四級考試完形填空沖刺練習題及詳解1.Localgovernmenthasdecidedto___thenewenvironmentalpolicytoreducecarbonemission.A.adaptB.adoptC.adjustD.adore2.Thepoorweathermay___thesmallcrowdattheoutdooractivitythisafternoon.A.countonB.accountforC.makeupD.takeover3.___theheavyraincontinued,thelocalresidentshadtomovetotemporaryshelters.A.SinceB.WhileC.AlthoughD.If4.Theresearcherspentthreemonthscollecting___dataforthenewstudyonadolescentmentalhealth.A.rawB.roughC.crudeD.rude5.Youngchildrenoftenfeelalotofanxiety___theirfirstdayatschool.A.withB.onC.aboutD.by6.Thecompanyhaslaunchedanewadvertisingcampaignto___itsbrandimageamongyoungconsumers.A.elevateB.liftC.raiseD.heighten7.Johnisveryhard-working;___,healwaysgetslowscoresinexamsduetoimproperlearningmethods.A.furthermoreB.thereforeC.howeverD.meanwhile8.Thenovel'suniquewritingstylehas___alotofattentionfromliterarycritics.A.paidB.appealedC.attachedD.attracted9.Itisbelievedthatabalanceddietisbeneficial___people'sphysicalandmentalhealth.A.forB.toC.ofD.with10.Whengivingapublicspeech,youshouldtrytoavoidusing___termsthatordinaryaudiencecannotunderstand.A.technicalB.specificC.partialD.particular1.Whenthefirebrokeout,the____(respond)teamarrivedatthescenewithin5minutes.2.Theteacher'sencouragingwordshadapositive____(affect)onthedepressedstudent.3.Accordingtotheofficial____(announce),thenewsubwaylinewillbeputintooperationnextmonth.4.Itis____(evidence)thathehasliedtothemanagerabouthisworkprogress.5.Theoldmanhasformedthehabitofgoingforawalkafterdinner____aregularbasis.6.Whendealingwithcross-culturalcommunicationissues,weshouldbemore____(tolerate)ofdifferentculturalcustoms.7.Thelocalgovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasurestopreventthespreadofthedisease____large.8.Theyoungentrepreneur'ssuccessislargely____(attribute)tohisperseveranceandwillingnesstolearnfromfailures.9.Manyyoungpeoplechoosetodovolunteerworkduringholidays,____whichtheycangainvaluablesocialexperience.10.The____(survive)oftherareanimalspecieslargelydependsontheprotectionoftheirnaturalhabitats.1.做完形填空題時，應(yīng)該先通讀全文了解主旨大意，再逐空做題。2.完形填空中出現(xiàn)的邏輯連接詞考點中，“thus”表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。3.固定搭配“incontrastto”表示“與…相比”，用于對比關(guān)系。4.詞義辨析中，“sensitive”表示“明智的、合理的”，“sensible”表示“敏感的”。5.做完形填空題時，遇到不會的空可以先跳過，結(jié)合上下文語境后續(xù)再判斷。6.“beconsistentwith”的含義是“與…一致”，是四級完形常考的固定搭配。7.完形填空中的邏輯關(guān)系只包含因果、轉(zhuǎn)折兩種，不需要考慮并列、遞進等關(guān)系。8.詞性辨析中，副詞通常用來修飾動詞、形容詞或者其他副詞，不能修飾名詞。9.固定搭配“takeadvantageof”可以表示“利用（機會、優(yōu)勢等）”的含義。10.做完形填空題時，只需要看挖空所在的句子就能選出正確答案，不需要結(jié)合前后文內(nèi)容。1.請簡要說明大學英語四級選詞填空類完形題的基本解題步驟。2.四級完形填空中常見的邏輯關(guān)系有哪幾類？請至少列舉4類并各舉1個對應(yīng)的邏輯連接詞例子。3.當在完形填空中遇到陌生詞匯時，可以采用哪些方法推斷該詞的含義？4.請簡要說明四級完形填空考點中，詞義辨析題的主要考查維度有哪些？Text:Inrecentyears,theconceptof"low-carbonlifestyle"hasbeenwidelypromotedaroundtheworld.Alow-carbonlifestylemeans___1___theenergypeopleuseindailylifesoastoreducecarbonemissions,especiallycarbondioxide.Itiswell-knownthathumanactivitieshavebeen___2___fortheriseofglobaltemperatureinthepastdecades.Thebadeffectsofglobalwarming,suchasextremeweatherevents,meltingicecapsandrisingsealevels,havealready___3___ahugethreattohumansurvivalanddevelopment.Therefore,advocatingalow-carbonlifestyleisofgreat___4___forthewholehumansociety.Forordinarypeople,therearemanywaysto___5___alow-carbonlifestyleindailylife.Firstofall,peoplecanchoosepublictransport,ridebicyclesorwalkinsteadofdrivingprivatecarswhengoingout,whichcan___6___reducethecarbonemissionsfromtransportation.Second,peopleshouldformthehabitof___7___offelectricalappliancessuchasTVs,computersandairconditionerswhentheyarenotinuse,tosaveelectricity.Third,whenbuyingdailynecessities,peopleare___8___tochooseproductswithsimplepackagingandavoidusingdisposableplasticproductsasmuchaspossible.What'smore,___9___foodisalsoanimportantpartofalow-carbonlifestyle,asfoodproductionconsumesalotofenergyandproducesalargeamountofgreenhousegases.Manypeoplemaythinkthatlow-carbonlifestyleisfarawayfromtheirdailylives,andthatoneperson'ssmalleffortshavelittle___10___ontheoverallenvironmentalsituation.___11___,ifeverypersonmakesasmallchange,thecumulativeeffectwillbehuge.Forexample,ifeachpersonsaves1kilowatt-hourofelectricityamonth,thewholecountrycansavebillionsofkilowatt-hoursofelectricityayear,whichcan___12___reducealargeamountofcarbonemissions.Inordertopromotethelow-carbonlifestyle,thegovernment,socialorganizationsandindividualsshouldwork___13___.Thegovernmentcanintroducerelevantpoliciesto___14___peopletochooselow-carbonwaysoflife,suchasprovidingsubsidiesfornewenergyvehiclesandbuildingmorededicatedbicyclelanes.Socialorganizationscancarryoutvariouspublicityactivitiestoraisepeople's___15___ofenvironmentalprotection.Asforindividuals,weshouldstartfromsmallthingsindailylifeand___16___theconceptoflow-carbonlifestyleintoourdailybehaviors.Arecentsurveyshowsthatmoreandmoreyoungpeoplehavealreadyrealizedthe___17___oflow-carbonlifestyle,andaretakingactiontochangetheirlivinghabits.Itisbelievedthat___18___thejointeffortsofthewholesociety,wewillbeabletobuildabetterworldwherepeoplelivein___19___withnature,andrealizethe___20___developmentofbothhumansocietyandtheenvironment.1.請選出文中1-5空的正確選項1.A.increasingB.reducingC.wastingD.saving2.A.responsibleB.negativeC.cautiousD.critical3.A.posedB.broughtC.takenD.made4.A.difficultyB.interestC.importanceD.possibility5.A.adjustB.adaptC.adoptD.admit2.請選出文中6-10空的正確選項6.A.slightlyB.significantlyC.narrowlyD.hardly7.A.turningB.takingC.puttingD.getting8.A.commandedB.suggestedC.encouragedD.forced9.A.purchasingB.wastingC.storingD.saving10.A.commentB.impactC.resultD.pressure3.請選出文中11-15空的正確選項11.A.BesidesB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Otherwise12.A.indirectlyB.directlyC.impossiblyD.uncertainly13.A.respectivelyB.separatelyC.individuallyD.together14.A.discourageB.encourageC.prohibitD.warn15.A.awarenessB.consciousnessC.recognitionD.knowledge4.請選出文中16-20空的正確選項16.A.divideB.integrateC.separateD.isolate17.A.meaningB.advantageC.significanceD.disadvantage18.A.withB.underC.forD.by19.A.combinationB.conflictC.harmonyD.contrast20.A.sustainableB.rapidC.temporaryD.immediate標準答案及解析一、單選題答案1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.A7.C8.D9.B10.A解析：1.考點：形近詞辨析。adapt適應(yīng)；adopt采納、收養(yǎng)；adjust調(diào)整；adore喜愛。語境為采納新政策，選B。2.考點：固定搭配辨析。counton依靠；accountfor導致、解釋；makeup編造、彌補；takeover接管。語境為天氣導致人數(shù)少，選B。3.考點：邏輯連接詞。since因為、既然；while當…時、盡管；although盡管；if如果。前后為因果關(guān)系，選A。4.考點：固定搭配。rawdata原始數(shù)據(jù)，為科研場景固定表達，rough粗糙的；crude未加工的（多指石油等原料）；rude粗魯?shù)模xA。5.考點：固定搭配。anxietyaboutsth對…感到焦慮，為固定用法，選C。6.考點：近義詞辨析。elevate提升（形象、地位等抽象事物）；lift抬起（具體物體）；raise舉起、籌集；heighten增強（感覺、情緒），修飾品牌形象選A。7.考點：邏輯連接詞。furthermore此外；therefore因此；however然而；meanwhile同時。前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選C。8.考點：詞義辨析。pay支付；appeal吸引，后需接to；attach依附；attract吸引，attractattention為固定搭配，選D。9.考點：固定搭配。bebeneficialto對…有益，為固定用法，選B。10.考點：詞義辨析。technical專業(yè)的；specific具體的；partial部分的；particular特定的。technicalterms專業(yè)術(shù)語，符合語境，選A。二、填空題答案1.response2.effect3.announcement4.evident5.on6.tolerant7.at8.attributed9.from10.survival解析：1.空格處修飾team，需填respond的名詞形式response，responseteam響應(yīng)團隊。2.空格前為形容詞positive，需填名詞，affect為動詞，對應(yīng)名詞effect表示影響。3.空格前為形容詞official，需填announce的名詞形式announcement表示公告。4.空格處為表語，需填evidence的形容詞形式evident表示明顯的。5.固定搭配onaregularbasis定期地，填介詞on。6.空格前為be動詞，需填tolerate的形容詞形式tolerant表示寬容的。7.固定搭配atlarge大范圍地，填介詞at。8.固定搭配beattributedto歸因于，需填過去分詞attributed構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。9.定語從句中介詞前置，gainexperiencefromsth從…獲得經(jīng)驗，填介詞from。10.空格前為定冠詞the，需填survive的名詞形式survival表示生存。三、判斷題答案1.√2.×3.√4.×5.√6.√7.×8.√9.√10.×解析：2.thus表示因果關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折，錯誤。4.sensitive表示敏感的，sensible表示明智的，詞義顛倒，錯誤。7.完形邏輯關(guān)系包括并列、遞進、讓步、對比等多種，錯誤。10.完形題目需結(jié)合上下文語境判斷，僅看單句容易出錯，錯誤。四、簡答題評分標準及答題要點1.答題要點：①首先標注選項詞匯的詞性（名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等）；②通讀全文，了解文章主旨大意和段落邏輯；③分析每個挖空處需要的詞性，結(jié)合語境和固定搭配匹配對應(yīng)選項；④代入選項通讀全文，檢查邏輯和語法是否通順。評分標準：答對3個要點得3-4分，答對2個得2分，答對1個得1分，答錯不得分。2.答題要點：常見邏輯關(guān)系包括：①因果關(guān)系，對應(yīng)連接詞如because、thus、therefore；②轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，對應(yīng)連接詞如but、however、yet；③并列關(guān)系，對應(yīng)連接詞如and、also、meanwhile；④遞進關(guān)系，對應(yīng)連接詞如furthermore、moreover；⑤讓步關(guān)系，對應(yīng)連接詞如although、though、evenif；⑥對比關(guān)系，對應(yīng)連接詞如while、whereas、incontrast。評分標準：答對4類及以上對應(yīng)邏輯和連接詞得3-4分，答對2-3類得2分，答對1類得1分，答錯不得分。3.答題要點：①通過詞根詞綴判斷詞義，如常見前綴un-、dis-表否定，后綴-tion、-ment表名詞等；②結(jié)合上下文邏輯關(guān)系，通過前后句的因果、轉(zhuǎn)折等關(guān)系推斷詞義；③查看詞匯附近的同位語、定語從句等解釋性內(nèi)容判斷詞義；④結(jié)合固定搭配結(jié)構(gòu)，通過前后搭配的介詞、動詞等推斷詞義。評分標準：答對3個及以上方法得3-4分，答對2個得2分，答對1個得1分，答錯不得分。