科羅拉多大峽谷The-Grand-Canyon

Welcometothe

GrandCanyon!visionTheGrand

Canyon

inArizonaisoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulofallcanyons.Itextendsfourhundredfiftykilometers.visionvision

Whenyoureachitsedge……nothingelseintheworld.visionHundredsof

rocky

pointsrisefromthebottomoftheGrandCanyon.sobeautiful!visionFortymillionyearsago,theColoradoRiverbegancuttingthroughthearea.Atthesametime,thesurroundinglandwaspushedupbyforcesdeepwithintheEarth.Rain,snow,ice,wind,andplantrootsrubbedawayatthetopofthenew

canyon.Below,theflowing

rivercontinuedto

uncover

moreandmorelevelsofancientrock.Wallsofrockfallawaysharplyatyourfeet.Insomeplaces,the

canyonwallsaremorethanakilometerdeep.visionvisiontheColoradoRiver.Ontheotherside,sunshinelightsupthenakedrockwallsinred,orange,andgold.Thebrightcolorsaretheresultofmineralsintherocks..visionTheir

appearance

changesendlessly--withthelight,thetimeofyear,andtheweather.sunsetvisionblue,purple,green.visionTheclimatewinteryoumayfindcoldwindsandsnowatthetop……springButatthebottom,youmayfindwarmwindsandflowers.

Severalkindsofplantsandanimalsarefoundinthe

canyon

andnowhereelseonEarth.Becausethe

canyon'senvironmentsare

sodifferent,these

species

didnot

spredbeyondthecanyon,orevenfarwithinit.visionTheHopi,thePaiute,theNavajoandotherNativeAmericantribeshaveallbeenintheareaforatleastsevencenturies.

However,muchofwhatweknowtodayabouttheGrand

Canyon

wasrecordedbyJohnWesleyPowell.Ineighteensixty-nine,hebecamethefirstwhiteAmericantoexplore

muchofthe

canyon.HistoryvisionToday,theGrand

Canyon

isknownasoneofthesevenwondersofthenaturalworld.AboutfivemillionpeoplevisittheCanyoneachyear.America'sNationalParkServiceisresponsibleforprotectingtheGrand

Canyon

fromtheeffectsofsomanyvisitors.

Allwastematerialmustbecarriedoutofthe

Canyon.Allrocks,historicalobjects,plants,andwildlifemustbeleftuntouched.Takeonlyphotographs.Leaveonlyfootprints!vision

ManywritershavetriedtodescribethewonderoftheGrandCanyon.Theyusewordslikemysterious,overpowering,strange.Yetwritersrecognizethatitisimpossibletoputhumanmeaninginsuchaplace.TheGrandCanyonexistsinitsownspaceandtime.《Canyon

Lullaby》——PaulWinterArtisticworks：visionthemorningvisionThealmostoverpoweringsilenceanddeepnessoftheGrandCanyonshakespeople--atleastbriefly--outoftheirself-importance.Itwillmakesusrememberourplaceinthenaturalworld.

visionAndnow,it'stimeto···Thankyou!Andbestwishesforyou~

Goodbye~

演講文本：TheGrand

Canyon:ATrueWonderoftheWorldVOICEONE:I'mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndI'mBarbaraKleinwithEXPLORATIONSinVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetakeyoutooneofthemost

popular

andbeautifulplacesintheUnitedStates.ItistheGrand

Canyon

inthesouthwesternstateofArizona.今天，我們將帶著大家認識在美國最受游客歡迎、最美麗的一處景點——西南部亞利桑那州的大峽谷。(MUSIC:"Canyon

Lullaby")VOICEONE:ThecanyonsofAmerica'sSouthwestaredeep,ancientopeningsintheearth.美國西南部的大峽谷是世界上最深、最古老的峽谷。Theylookasiftheyformedastheearth

split

apart.Butthecanyonsdidnotsplit.Theywerecutbyrivers.Theriverscarrieddirtandpiecesofstonethatslowlyateawayatthesurroundingrock.Formillionsofyears,theriversturnedandpushed.Theycutdeeperanddeeperintotheearth.Theyleftapathwayofgreat

rocky

openingsintheearththat

extend

forhundredsofkilometers.它們可能成形于地球板塊分裂之時。不過，大峽谷并沒有裂開。它是被一條條的河流給隔開的。帶著沙石的河流逐漸侵蝕周圍的巖石，數百萬年來，不停地流轉、沖刷。河流越來越深地切入地表，在延綿數百公里的大峽谷中留下了一條通道。VOICETWO:TheGrand

Canyon

inArizonaisoneofthelargestandmostbeautifulofallcanyons.Itextendsfourhundredfiftykilometers.亞利桑那州的大峽谷是最大、最美麗的峽谷之一，綿延450公里。Thesurroundingareadoesnotmakeyou

suspect

theexistenceofsuchagreatopeningintheearth.Youcomeuponthe

canyon

suddenly,whenyoureachitsedge.Thenyouarelookingatalandlikenothingelseintheworld.但周圍的區域環境讓你不會想到地球上還有如此巨大的峽谷。只有當游客們到達峽谷邊緣時，才會突然感覺到它的存在。他們所看到的是世界上獨一無二的一片土地。VOICEONE:Wallsofrockfallawaysharplyatyourfeet.Insomeplaces,the

canyon

wallsaremorethanakilometerdeep.Farbelowisthedark,turninglineoftheColoradoRiver.腳底下就是刀削一般險峻的懸崖壁。有些地方的懸崖深達一千多米，懸崖之下就是深邃的、蜿蜒的科羅拉多河。Ontheotherside,sunshinelightsupthenakedrockwallsinred,orange,andgold.Thebrightcolorsaretheresultofmineralsintherocks.Their

appearance

changesendlessly--withthelight,thetimeofyear,andtheweather.峽谷的另一邊，陽光輝映下的峭壁呈紅、橙和金色；絢麗的色彩是因為峭壁上的礦石所致。其色彩隨著陽光、季節和氣候的變化而變化。Atsunset,whenthesunhasmovedacrossthesky,thecanyon

wallsgiveuptheirfieryredsandgolds.Theytakeonquietercolorsofblue,purple,andgreen.

日落時，陽光劃過天空，峽谷峭壁褪去了火一般的紅色和金色，呈現出較為柔和的藍色、紫色和綠色。VOICETWO:Hundredsof

rocky

pointsrisefromthebottomoftheGrandCanyon.Someareverytall.Yetallarebelowthelevelofanobserverontheedge,lookingover.LookingattheGrand

Canyon

islikelookingbackintime.數百座石峰屹立于峽谷中，有些石峰非常高。然而，站在懸崖上俯瞰，所有的石峰又盡在腳下。了解大峽谷的歷史要穿越歷史的長河。Fortymillionyearsago,theColoradoRiverbegancuttingthroughthearea.Atthesametime,thesurroundinglandwaspushedupbyforcesdeepwithintheEarth.Rain,snow,ice,wind,andplantrootsrubbedawayatthetopofthenew

canyon.Below,the

flowing

rivercontinuedto

uncover

moreandmorelevelsofancientrock.SomeofEarth'soldestrocksareseenhere.Therearemanylevelsof

granite,schist,

limestone,andsandstone.四千萬年前，科羅拉多河開始流經這一地帶。與此同時，周圍的土地被地球深處的能量推向高處。雨雪、冰雹、風和植物的根部侵蝕了新形成的峽谷的頂部。峽谷下面，河流奔騰不息地沖刷著地古老的巖石，沖刷面越來越大。這里有一些世界上最古老的巖石。有很多各種層次的花崗巖、片巖、石灰巖和砂巖VOICEONE:TheGrand

Canyon

hasseveralweatherenvironments.Thetopisoftenmuchdifferentfromthebottom.Onsomewinterdays,forexample,youmayfindcoldwindsandsnowatthetop.Butatthebottom,youmayfindwarmwindsandflowers.峽谷地區有好幾種氣候環境。谷頂和谷底的氣候通常相差很大。舉個例子，冬季來臨時，谷頂可能寒風呼嘯、遍布積雪，谷底卻暖風拂面、鮮花盛開。Severalkindsofplantsandanimalsarefoundinthe

canyon

andnowhereelseonEarth.Becausethe

canyon'senvironmentsaresodifferent,these

species

didnot

spread

beyondthecanyon,orevenfarwithinit.大峽谷的某些植物和動物也是世界上其它地區無法見到的。其原因是因為大峽谷獨特的生態環境使這些生物無法傳播到峽谷的周邊地區，甚至無法在峽谷以外的地方存活。(MUSIC)VOICETWO:NativeAmericanIndians

occupied

theGrand

Canyon

threethousandyearsago.

Evidence

oftheirexistencehasbeenfoundinmorethantwothousandfivehundredplacessofar.Bones,hair,feathers,eventheremainsofplantshavebeenfoundindeep,drycaveshighintherockwalls.芭芭拉?克萊恩：美國印第安人三千年前就居住大峽谷地區。到目前為止，已經找到2500多處地方可以證明他們曾經在這一帶生活過。人們在巖壁深處干燥的巖洞里發現了骨骼、毛發、羽毛，甚至還有殘留的植物。TheHopi,thePaiute,theNavajoandotherNativeAmericantribeshaveallbeenintheareaforatleastsevencenturies.

However,muchofwhatweknowtodayabouttheGrand

Canyon

wasrecordedbyJohnWesleyPowell.霍皮人、派尤特人、納瓦霍人還有其他的印第安部落都曾在峽谷地帶生活過七個世紀以上。不過，我們今天對大峽谷的了解來自約翰?韋斯利?鮑威爾的記錄。Ineighteensixty-nine,hebecamethefirstwhiteAmericantoexplore

muchofthe

canyon.1869年，約翰?韋斯利?鮑威爾成為第一個深入探索大峽谷的美國白人。VOICEONE:JohnWesleyPowellandhisgrouptraveledinfourboats.Theyknewverylittleaboutgettingovertherapid,

rocky

watersoftheColoradoRiver.Inmanyareasoffast-flowing

water,aboatcouldbeturnedoverbyawaveashighasahouse.Soonafterstarting,Powell'sgrouplostsomeofitsfoodandequipment.Thenthreemembersofthegroupleft.Astheywalkedupandoutofthe

canyon,theywerekilledbyIndians.Therestofthegroupwasluckyto

survive.Starvingandtired,theyreachedtheendofthe

canyon.TheyhadtraveledontheColoradoRiverformorethanthreemonths.JohnWesleyPowell'sreportsandmapsfromthetripmadehimfamous.TheyalsogreatlyincreasedinterestintheGrandCanyon.Butvisitorsdidnotbegintogotothereinlargenumbersuntilnineteen-oh-one.Thatwaswhena

railroad

reachedthearea.史蒂夫?恩伯：約翰?韋斯利?鮑威爾和他的隊員乘坐四艘輪船航行。他們對遍布礁石的、險峻的科羅拉多河所知甚少。在很多水流湍急的水域，船只很有可能被房子一般高的波浪擊沉到海底。出發后不久，鮑威爾的船隊損失了一些食物和設備。接著，船隊又損失了三名船員。他們在下船走出峽谷時被印第安人殺害了。其余的船員幸存了下來。帶著饑餓和疲勞，他們來到了峽谷的盡頭。他們已經在科羅拉多河上航行了三個多月。約翰?韋斯利?鮑威爾繪制了讓他成名的航行路線圖，并記錄了航行經過。這些資料也大大喚起了人們對大峽谷的興趣。大峽谷在1990年通上了火車。不過在那之前，很少有大批游客來大峽谷。(MUSIC)VOICETWO:

Today,theGrand

Canyon

isknownasoneofthesevenwondersofthenaturalworld.Aboutfivemillionpeoplevisitthe

canyon

eachyear.大峽谷被認為是世界七大自然奇觀之一，每年約有五百萬游客前來參觀Mostvisitorswalkalongpathspartwaydownintothecanyon.Ittakesseveralhourstowalktothebottom.Ittakestwotimesaslongtogetbackup.Somevisitorsridemulestothebottomandback.Themulesarestronganimalsthatlooklikehorses.Theyareknownfortheirabilitytowalkslowlyandsafelyonthepaths.許多游客沿小路而下進入峽谷，數小時之內可以抵達谷底，原路返回還需增加一倍的時間。也有游客騎騾子往返于懸崖和谷底之間。騾子看起來像馬一樣強壯，以在小路上行走緩慢、安全而出名。America'sNationalParkServiceisresponsibleforprotectingtheGrand

Canyon

fromtheeffectsofsomanyvisitors.Allwastematerialmustbecarriedoutofthe

canyon.Allrocks,historicalobjects,plants,andwildlifemustbeleftuntouched.AstheNationalParkServicetellsvisitors:"Takeonlyphotographs.Leaveonlyfootprints.美國國家公園服務處保護大峽谷，使之免受游客的破壞。游客必須帶走所有的垃圾。所有的巖石、歷史文物和野生動植物都必須完好無損，正如國家公園給游客的忠告一樣：“帶走的是照片，留下的是腳印。”VOICEONE:ThereareseveralotherwaystovisittheGrand

Canyon.Hundredsofthousandsofpeopleseethe

canyon

byaireachyear.Theypayahelicopterorairplane

pilot

toflythemaboveandaroundthecanyon.AbouttwentythousandpeopleayearseetheGrand

Canyon

fromtheColoradoRiveritself.Theyrideboatsovertherapid,

rocky

water.Thesetripslastfromoneweektothreeweeks.史蒂夫?恩伯：游覽大峽谷有很多種方式，每年都有很多人從空中俯瞰峽谷。他們花錢請直升機或飛機飛行員帶他們盤旋于大峽谷上空。每年大約有兩萬名游客在科羅拉多河上乘船游覽大峽谷。他們乘船經過遍布礁石的、險峻的河流。這些旅程可持續一到三周。VOICETWO:VisitorscanseetheGrand

Canyon

instillanotherway.Ahugeglasswalkway,calledtheSkywalk,extendstwenty-onemetersfromtheedgeoftheGrand

Canyon.TheSkywalkis

suspended

morethanonethousandtwohundredmetersabovethebottomofthecanyon.Itisshapedlikeagianthorseshoe.Visitorspaytwenty-fivedollarseachtowalkbeyondthecanyonwalls,surroundedbythecanyon,whilestandingattheedgeoftheglassbridge.TheHualapaiIndianTribebuilttheSkywalkatacostofmorethanfortymilliondollars.Thetribeownsalmostfourhundredthousandhectaresoflandinthe

canyon.TheHualapaibuilttheSkywalktogainmoneybygettingmorepeopletovisitits

reservation.Thetribesaysthearea,calledGrand

Canyon

West,will

include

alargevisitors'center,restaurants,andpossiblyhotelsinthefuture.SomepeoplesaytheSkywalkisanengineeringwonder.However,otherpeoplehave

criticized

theSkywalkandfuturedevelopment.

TheysayitharmsanationaltreasureandreducestheenjoymentofnatureintheGrand

Canyon.（音樂）芭芭拉?克萊恩：還有一種方式可以讓游客們游覽大峽谷。大峽谷的懸崖邊延伸出一條寬達21米的玻璃通道，被稱為“天空步道”。“天空步道”懸掛在距谷底1200多米的半空，其形狀就像一個巨大的馬蹄鐵。游客可以花25美元走在巖壁外面，四圍都是峽谷，人就站在玻璃天橋的邊緣。華拉派印第安部落耗資四千多萬美元建造了這座人行天橋。該部落擁有大峽谷近四十萬公頃的土地。他們通過吸引更多的游客參觀這一歷史遺產來集資建造天橋。華拉派部落表示，這一地帶稱為西部大峽谷，將來還會有大型的游客中心、餐館，有可能還有酒店。有人認為“天空步道”是建筑上的奇跡。不過，也有人批評“天空步道”及未來的發展。他們認為它浪費了國家的財富，也減少了人們對大峽谷的自然風光的享受。(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Manywritershavetriedto

describe

thewonderoftheGrand

Canyon.Theyusewordslikemysterious,

overpowering,strange.Yetwriters

recognize

thatitis

impossible

toputhumanmeaningin