基于GIS的深基坑施工監測信息系統

基于GIS的深基坑施工監測信息系統摘要目前,深基坑施工監測數據的文件管理模式已無法滿足大量的監測數據存儲和快速實時分析的需求。地理信息系統(GIS)技術已應用于深基坑施工監測信息的管理。大型基坑施工監測的信息管理系統的功能建設基于GIS設計遵循以下條件：監測數據輸入、圖形、基坑施工監控信息查詢、圖表自動生成的曲線和模擬變形、信息分析、監測、預測等等。同時,基于三個主要組件:背景管理圖形界面、工作工程和基本架構的系統。該論文制定了一批關鍵技術的系統并給出了應用實例。關鍵字地理信息系統(GIS)深基坑施工變形監測信息管理系統介紹最近幾年的地理信息系統(簡稱GIS)應用于巖土工程。特別是在深大基坑建設越來越引起人們的重視。GIS是一個計算機系統,呼叫處理地理空間數據的輸入、輸出、管理、查詢、分析和決策支持。它有幾個特點的信息系統,與其他信息系統(如辦公自動化系統等)。主要的區別是GIS研究和服務的對象有一定的地理空間位置開挖監測點是鋪設在基坑施工環境,以反映變化。不同的地理空間位置的監測站點反映了不同地區的安全狀態的開挖。基于GIS、管理監控分使用強大的地理空間數據分析和圖形顯示功能,結合現有技術的巖土工程(特別是深大基坑工程技術),開發信息管理系統的建設監測到大型基坑建設基于GIS是必要的.監控信息可以用于基坑施工管理、可視化分析和預測和利用率。發展監測信息系統的重要組成部分,是信息化建設的過程中,有一定的實用價值在基坑施工、設計和研究。建筑系統的設計基于GIS的設計大型基坑施工監測的信息管理系統的包括以下功能:基坑工程信息的收集、存儲、管理和檢索功能。按照一定的規范,標準輸入系統,相關的數據和信息的挖掘工程可以輸入到系統和新項目信息可以實時更新基于GIS和關系型數據庫系統。工程數據主要包括:開挖基礎地理信息(照片顯示的總計劃,稱為基于配置文件),工程地質勘探信息、施工監測數據等信息可以進行了全面和系統的數據庫并顯示匯總建立成使用GIS技術。挖掘工程可以實現數字化和信息共享基礎建設可以提供有效的數字信息和科學依據決策。(2)工程可視化該系統以點線作為基本形式分散局部開挖勘探數據、設計、施工監測和解釋結果等在三維空間相結合,三維信息模型重構向量坑坑地區建設的形式顯示在二維菲亞特面板和瀏覽在三維空間結構和積極挖掘復雜的關系表達式,完整的復制即三維地理空間可以多角度自由顯示從周圍的環境中,維護結構、崩落面孔巖土工程地質的內部應力滲透率的分布和各種屬性信息在工程地質、開挖縱向片任意截面、開挖、虛擬鉆井等等可以虛擬可視化太。查詢和統計功能系統可以實現系統參與各種類型的數據查詢和統計相關性包括:根據地理形態單位,工程地質,水文地質區劃分、地質參數、環境地質因素,地質災害的類型,和用戶定義的查詢等圖形/屬性數據之間的關系圖形/數據交叉檢索統計屬性數據和專題制圖系統有能力的多參數統計和分析地質數據,可以用多種方式來表達分析結果如直方圖,分布曲線圖,相關曲線。工程監測和變形仿真功能在本部分中,名稱,類型,安裝監控分時間和其他靜態信息可查,和各種動態變形值,如位移和變形速度還可以訪問各種形式的報告和圖表,可以自動生成基于工程需求,如沉降觀測結果在表、結算時間曲線、速度時間曲線和變形過程進行三維動態模擬,一個特殊的彈出窗口變形過程和模擬的發展趨勢。監測和預測能力和信息反饋基于GIS的數據庫系統,綜合考慮與土壓力、水壓力、工程地質學、負載、建筑結構和其他因素,根據功能關系的受力和變形,本構模型分析,研究巖土工程監測結果和各種影響因素,做出準確和及時的科學預測安全狀態的基坑施工.通過分析監測數據,修改設計與巖石物理力學參數、壓力、滲透壓力、巖石壓力和其他基本負荷;通過監測圍巖和支護結構的位移、應力應變、修改設計為使用與基礎變形控制、安全、監測方法和監測標準指標;在此基礎上,調整圍護結構參數及施工程序,從而實現信息技術應用于基坑設計和施工。設計系統的基本結構根據功能需求,系統設計是基于三層:數據支持層,基本和先進的應用程序層,結構和邏輯關系,每一層都是圖1所示。系統開發的關鍵技術地理信息系統(GIS)技術基坑工程信息包括工程地質、水電地質、環境地質信息,還包括工程設計、施工、監測數據的大量信息的復雜類型,是多源異構幾乎所有人與時間的地理空間燒錄流逝不斷更改這些特性的基坑工程提出了更高的要求,信息的組織和管理的計算機.地理信息系統進行收集、存儲、管理、檢索、分析和描述空間對象的空間分布和相關屬性數據作為其基本任務應用地理信息系統技術在基坑工程管理調用符合要求的基坑工程的組織和管理信息。可視化技術基于挖掘地理信息平臺,運用計算機圖形技術、視覺理論技術等等來顯示所有類型的信息,包括集體基坑工程,地質結構構象配置,鉆井信息,韋德部分等等。虛擬現實是所有高級形式的可視化技術可以使用計算機技術來生成一個現實世界與視覺、聽覺、和其他感官用戶調用直接審查和控制天生的虛擬實體。基礎工程信息建模技術基于工程數據,挖掘工程信息模型可以建立了信息模型是三維可視化的基礎模型,分析工程地質信息三維模型,模型包括基坑、工程地質、地質鉆探,因此在這些模型包括地理空間位置的特征、幾何形狀、功能結構、物理和力學特性。挖掘工程師分析巖土工程數值基于工程信息分析,繼續本構模型分析變形分析和開挖工程巖土開挖安全分析。由于巖土工程的不成熟和不精確的巖石力學本構參數。平臺應該包含多種更成熟和先進的數值分析方法和本構模型庫為巖土工程,很容易擴展,挖掘和分析監測結果預測分析方法庫反開挖監測結果數據庫,坑變形和安全分析方法庫。基坑施工決策支持技術建立評價方法庫開挖的基礎施工方法庫,因此在結合各種類型的數據采取安全診斷的挖掘,制定實施基坑施工程序,程序分析和評價。3、實驗系統的開發和應用在WindowsXP系統在Visualc++6.0開發語言。OpenGL的圖形開發工具使用SQLServer數據庫支持,應用標準為標準的軟件工程工具上升為建模,開發我們自己的知識產權爭斗基坑施工安全監測信息管理系統。目前,系統開發已經取得初步結果和系統應用在圍護結構的施工監控如上游南京通過長江盾構隧道穿越原始井、接收井、深基坑等變得更好的結果如圖2.和圖3.是監測積分系統基于數據庫生成了圖的浦信封監測部分和監測項目.系統基于信息所產生的監測站測量LK3+560東校區外的地下連續墻鋼筋應力和鋼筋應力概要地圖。結論和展望信息管理系統的建設安全監測到大型基坑建設基于GIS技術,利用3dGIS有高效的管理調查、設計、施工、監測、數據集中的坑在這個過程中,結合巖土工程理論的信息技術和數字方面采取視覺分析,以便在基坑施工和安全管理提供信息共享和智能分析平臺.該系統有一個友好和漂亮的界面不是只有提高數據處理的精度和預測時效性,但也同時減少數據處理時間實際上它提高工作效率和信息技術水平的開挖施工。DeepFoundationPitConstructionMonitoringInformationSystemBasedonGISAbstract．Atpresent,thefilemanagementmodelofthedeepandlargefoundationpitconstructionmonitoringdatahasbeenunabletomeetalargenumberofmonitoringdatastorageandfastreal-timeanalysisrequirements．GeographicalInformationSystems(GIS)technologyhasbeenappliedinthemanagementofdeepandlargefoundationpitconstructionmonitoringinformation．ThefunctionsofinformationmanagementsystemofconstructionmonitoringtolargefoundationpitconstructionbasedonGISwasdesignedasfollowed：monitoringdataentry，graphics，pitconstructionmonitoringInformationquery,chartsautomaticallygeneratedcurvesanddeformationsimulation，Informationanalysis，monitoring，forecastingandsoon．Atthesametime，basedonthethreemajorcomponents，backgroundmanagement．graphicalinterfaceandmeworkofengineering，thebasicarchitectureofthesystemisdesigned．Thispaperhassetoutanumberofkeytechnologiesofthesystemandgivesapplicationexamples．Keywords．GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)，deepandlargefoundationpitconstruction,constructionmonitoring，informationmanagementsystemsIntroductionRecentyears．GeographicInformationSystems(referredtoasGIS)applicationingeotechnicalengineering。especiallyindeepandlargefoundationpitconstructionincreasinglyattractedpeople’sattention．GISisacomputersystemwhichcalldealwithgeospatialdatainput，Output，management，inquiring，analysisanddecisionsupport．Ithasseveralofcharacteristicsofinformationsystems,withotherinformationsystems(Suchasofficeautomationsystemetc．1．ThemaindifferenceisthattheobjectswhichGISresearchandservinghaveacertaingeo—spatiallocation．Excavationmonitoringpointsarelaidinthefoundationpitconstructionenvironmenttoreflectchanges．Differentgeographicalspatiallocationofthemonitoringsitesreflectsdifferentpartsofthesecuritystatusofexcavation．BasedonGIS，managementofmonitoringpointsusingthepowerfulgeospatialdataanalysisandgraphicaldisplaycapabilities，combinationofexistingtechnologiesofGeotechnicalEngineering(haparticular,deepandlargefoundationpitEngineeringTechnology)，developinginformationmanagementsystemofconstructionmonitoringtolargefoundationpitconstructionbasedonGISisnecessary．Monitoringinformationcanbeusedforfoundationpitconstructionmanagement，Visualization。analysisandforecastingandutilization．Developingmonitoringinformationsystemisanimportantpartofinformationconstructionprocess，andhaspracticalvalueinthefoundationpitconstruction,designandresearch【l，2】．1．TheDesignofSystemicArchitectureInformationmanagementsystemoflargefoundationpitconstructionmonitoringbasedonGISisdesignedincludingthefollowingfeatures：(1)Informationcollection，storage，managementandretrievalcapabilitiesofexcavationengineering．Accordingtocertainnorms，standardinputsystem，therelevantdataandinformationofexcavationengineeringCanbeinputintothesystemandthenewprojectinformationCanbeupdatedinreal．timebasedonGISandrelationaldatabasesystem．Engineeringdatamainlyincludes：excavationbasicgeographicinformation(Thephotoshowsthetotalplanandprofile—based)，engineeringgeologicalexplorationinformation,constructionmonitoringdataetc．Theseinformationcanbeconductedacomprehensive,andsystematicsummary．builtintoDatabaseanddisplayedusingGIStechnology．ExcavationworksCanachievedigitizationandinformation．sharing．FoundationconstructionCanbeprovidedeffectivedigitalinformationandscientificbasisfordecisionmaking【3，4，5】．(2)EngineeringvisualizationThesystemtakespoints．linesasbasicformfragmented．Partialexcavationexplorationdata，design，construction。monitoringandinterpretingresultsetc．combinedinthree．dimensionalspaceandthree．dimensionalpitinformationmodelisreconstructed．Vectorformoftheconstructionpitregionsisdisplayedintwo．dimensionalfiatpanelandbrowsedinthree—dimensionalactively．Excavationcomplexspatialstructureandtherelationshipexpressionarereproduced．Namely，thefullthree．dimensionalgeographicalspaceCanbemulti-anglefreedisplayedfromsurroundingenvironment，maintainingstructure，cavingfacestogeotechnicalengineeringgeology．Thedistributionofinternalstress。permeabilityandvariousattributeinformationintheengineeringgeology，excavationlongitudinalsliceofarbitrarycrosssection，excavation,virtualdrillingandSOoncanbevirtualvisualizedtoo【6，7，8】．QueryandstatisticsfeatureSystemCanrealizethesysteminvolvedinvarioustypesofdataqueriesandstatisticalcorrelationincluded：accordingtogeo-morphologicalunits，engineeringgeologydivision，hydro—geologicaldistrict，geologicalparameters，environmentalgeologicalfactors，thetypeofgeologicaldisasters，anduser-definedquery，etc．betweengraphics／attributesdataaswellasbetweengraphics／datacross．retrieval．statisticsofAttributedataandthematicmapping．Systemhastheabilityofmulti-parameterstatisticsandanalysisofgeologicaldataandCanuseavarietyofWaystoexpresstheanalysisresultssuchashistogram，distributioncurvediagram，correlationcurve．(4)EngineeringmonitoringanddeformationsimulationfunctionsInthispart，thenameofmonitoringpoints，type，installationtimeandotherstaticinformationcanbechecked，andavarietyofdynamicdeformationofvalues，Suchasdisplacementanddeformationspeedcanalsobeaccessed．Variousformsofreportsandgraphscanbeautomaticallygeneratedbasedontheengineeringneeds，suchasthesettlementobservationresultsintable，settlement．timecurve，andvelocity．timecurve．Andthedeformationprocesscanbecarriedoutonthethree．dimensionaldynamicsimulation，aspecialpop．upwindowfordeformationprocessandthedevelopmenttrendofsimulation．(5)MonitoringandforecastingcapabilitiesandinformationfeedbackGIS-baseddatabasesystem,comprehensiveconsiderationwithsoilpressure,waterpressure，engineeringgeology,load，buildingstructureandotherfactors，accordingtofunctionalrelationshipofforceanddeformation,constitutivemodelanalysisforgeotechnicalengineering,researchmonitoringresultsandvariousinfluencingfactors，makeanaccurateandtimelyscientificforecastaboutsecuritystatusofthefoundationpitconstruction．Throughtheanalysisofmonitoringdata，reviseddesignwithrockphysicalandmechanicalparameters，Stress，seepagepressure，rockpressureandotherbasicload；Throughmonitoringthesurroundingrockandthesupportingstructureofthedisplacement，stress。strain，toamendthedesignforusingwiththebasedeformationcontrol，security，monitoringmethodsandmonitoringcriteriaindicators；Basedonthis，adjusttheretainingstructureparametersandconstructionprogramsoastorealizeinformationtechnologyappliedtoexcavationdesignandconstruction．1.2．Thedesignofthesystem‘sbasicstructureAccordingtofunctionalrequirements，thesystemisdesignedbasedonthreelayers：datasupportlayer，basicandadvancedapplicationlayer，thestructureandlogicalrelationshipofeachlayerisshowninFigure1．2．KeyTechnologiesoftheSystemDevelopment(1)GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)technologyExcavationengineeringinformationincludesengineeringgeology，hydro-geology，environmentalgeologyinformation，alsoincludesengineeringdesign，construction，monitoringdata．Thelargeamountofinformationhascomplextypesandismulti-sourceheterogeneous．Nearlyallofthemhavegeo—spatialdata．andwithtime’sgoesbyconstantlychange．Thesefeaturesofexcavationengineeringinformationputforwardhigherrequirementstotheorganizationandmanagementofmecomputer．Geographicinformationsystemstakecollecting，storing，managing，retrieving，analyzinganddescribingthespatialdistributionofthespaceobjectsandassociatedattributedataasitsbasictask．Applyinggeographicinformationsystemstechnologyinexcavationengineeringmanagementcallmeettherequirementsoforganizingandmanagingexcavationengineeringinformation．(2)VisualizationtechnologyBasedontheexcavationgeographicalinformationplatform，applyingcomputergraphicstechnology，visualtheorytechnologyandsoontoshowalltypesofinformationoftheexcavationengineeringwhichincludethecollectivityconformation．configuration，thegeologicstructure，drillinginformation，wadesectionsandSOon．Virtualrealityisalladvancedformofvisualizationtechnology．Itcanusecomputertechnologytogeneratearealisticworldwithvisual，auditory，andothersensory．UsersCalldirectlyreviewandcontroltheinbornvirtualentities．(3)FoundationengineeringinformationmodelingtechnologyBasedonengineeringdata,theexcavationengineeringinformationmodelcanbefounded．Theinformationmodelisthebasisfor3DVisualizationmodelofengineeringgeologyandanalysis．Theinformationmodelincludesthree-dimensionalmodelofFoundationpit，engineeringgeology，geologicaldrillingandSOon．ThesemodelsincludethecharacteristicsofGeo—spatiallocation,Geometricshape，functionalstructure，physicalandmechanicalcharacteristics．GeotechnicalnumericalanalysisinexcavationengineerBasedonengineeringinformationanalysis，continueconstitutivemodelanalysisforgeotechnicalengineering．excavationdistortionanalysisandexcavationsafetyanalysis．Duetotheimmaturityofgeotechnicalengineeringandinaccuracyofrockmechanicsconstitutiveparameters．thereisnounifiedmethodsforgeotechnicalengineeringdatacalculationandanalysis．Aplatformfornumericalanalysisofgeotechnicalengineeringshouldbedevelopedandestablished．Theplatformshouldcontainavarietyofmorematureandadvancednumericalanalysismethods．andconstitutivemodellibraryforgeotechnicalengineeringwhichiseasytoexpanded,excavationandanalysisofmonitoringresultspredictionmethodlibrary．anti．excavationanalysisofmonitoringresultsdatabase，pitdeformationandsafetyanalysismethodslibrary．(5)FoundationpitconstructiondecisionsupporttechniquesEstablishevaluationmethodlibrary．excavationoffoundationconstructionmethodlibraryandsoon．Combiningwithvarioustypesofdata．takesafetydiagnosisabouttheexcavation，drawuptheimplementationoffoundationpitconstructionprograms，andprogramanalysisandevaluation．3.ExperimentalSystemDevelopmentandApplicationIntheWindowsXPsystemwithVisualC++6．0forthedevelopmentlanguage．OpenGLforthegraphicsdevelopmenttools。usingSQLServerasthedatabasesupport，applicationofstandardRoseforstandardsoftwareengineeringtoolsformodeling，developedourownintellectualpropertyfightsfoundationpitconstructionsafetymonitoringinformationmanagementsystem．Atpresent，thesystemdevelopmenthasachievedinitialresults．Andthesystemappliedinretainingstructure’SconstructionmonitoringsuchastheupperreachesNanjingpassageofcrossingYangtzeRivershieldtunneloriginalwells，receivewells，deepfoundationexcavation，etc．andhasgottenbetterresults．Figure2．andFigure3．aremonitoringpointssystembasedondatabase．generatedPukoulaidenvelopediagramofmonitoringsectionsandmonitoringoftheproject．SystembasedontheinformationgeneratedbymonitoringstationsmeasuredLK3+560theeastsectionofundergroundcontinuouswalloutsidethereinforcementstressmapandreinforcementstressprofiles．ConclusionandOutlookInformationmanagementsystemofconstructionsafemonitoringtolargefoundationpitconstructionbasedonGIS，usingthe3DGIStohaveefficientmanagementtoinvestigation，design，construction，monitoring，datacentralizedofthepitintheprocess，combinationthetheoryofgeotechnicalengineeringinformationtechnologyanddigitalaspectstotakevisualanalysis．inordertothefoundationpitconstructionandsafetymanagementtoprovideinformationsharingandintelligenceanalysisplatform．Thesystemhasafriendlyandbeautifulinterface。notonlytoimprovetheaccuracyofdataprocessingandforecastingtimeliness，butalsoatthesametimereducingdataprocessingtime．Actually．itimprovedefficiencyofworkandthelevelofinformationtechnologyofexcavationconstruction．References【l】Hammock,K．Jon，Usingageographicinform