《任務(wù)型閱讀與解題策略》

Task-basedReadingbyYangWenlongfromNanyangSeniorHighSchool,Dafeng,YanchengLearningaims：Haveagoodknowledgeoftask-basedreading.Mastersomebasicskillsbyanalyzingandpractising.

在解題時(shí)首先應(yīng)弄清要完成的是什么“任務(wù)”，然后帶著“任務(wù)”閱讀文章，并查找信息、轉(zhuǎn)換信息、歸納信息等。

任務(wù)型閱讀是閱讀理解題的一部分,它要求考生根據(jù)文章提供的信息，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)完成相關(guān)圖表，并有一定詞數(shù)的限制。1.Whatistask-basedreading?2.Howtosolvetheproblemsrelatedtoit?Twocommonformsofdiagrams:

1)__________________________2)__________________________??In(71)_____Hewasborntoasinglemother.6weeksoldHe(72)_____asababybyRexanAulevaThomas.AttheageoffiveThomasspentyearsontheroadasRextraveledaround(73)_____.In1944Thomasstartedworkingat(74)_____inKnoxville,Tenn.15yearsoldHe(75)_____onhisown.In1954Thomas(76)_____Lorraine.In(77)_____HemetwithHarlandSanders.In1968Hebecamea(78)_____.In(79)_____ThomasstartedthefirstWendy’sOldFashionedHamburgers，inColumbus.In1993,graduatedfromCoconutGreatHighSchoolinFlorida.“TheDaveyousawonTVwastherealDave,”saidhisfriendPatWilliams,“Hewasn'tagreatactororagreatspeaker.HewasjustJoeEverybody."Andin2001,Thomas(80)_____.Table-shapeddiagram（表格狀圖表）2008、2009、2010、2015年江蘇高考的考查形式TheInternetTheInternetoffersinformationtous

Wecan(2)____InformationthroughouttheWorld,becausetheInternetcanConnectmillionsofcomputers.

TheInternetisoftencalledthe“informationsuperhighway”,becausevastofinformationtraveloverit.

TheInternetenablesusto(1)_____inanewway.

Thanksto(3)_____,wecankeepintouchwithotherswhereverweare.Ithaschangedthe(4)______oftalking.Throughit,wecantalkwithourstudentsinLondon.Ithasalsoenabledustoexchangeinformationat(5)_____speedthantraditionalcommunicativemethods.Withinashorttime,itletsus(6)______anotherpersonwhohasinterestin(7)____.(8)____theadvantages,weshouldbe(9)_____whenusingit,becauseitMaynotbe(10)_____ifsomeonehasaccesstoourreceivers’computer.

Tree-shapeddiagram（樹(shù)狀圖表）2011、2012、2013、2014年江蘇高考的考查形式

Whatabilitiesaretestedintask-basedreading?

1.Theabilitytosearchforthecorrectwordfromthecontext.（對(duì)應(yīng)為信息查找題）

2.Theabilitytouseaproperwordtoexpressasimilarmeaning.（對(duì)應(yīng)為信息轉(zhuǎn)換題）3.Theabilitytoconcludefromthecontext.

（對(duì)應(yīng)為信息歸納題）江蘇近3年高考任務(wù)型閱讀考情統(tǒng)計(jì)：年份201320142015體裁議論文議論文說(shuō)明文話題責(zé)任心同齡人壓力兩種不同類(lèi)型新聞考點(diǎn)分布信息查找題524信息轉(zhuǎn)換題242信息歸納題344ImproveourselvesbypractisingHowtosearchforthecorrectwordfromthecontext?Task1:Improveourselvesbypractising【典例1】Inthiskindofhigh-pressuresituation,manyleadersbothertheirassistantswithfrequentmeetingsorfloodtheirin-boxeswithurgentdemands.Leaderstendto________theirassistantstoooften.botherImproveourselvesbypractising【典例2】Whenconscientiousness(責(zé)任心)takestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscouragecreativity.Increativeprofessionslikeartoradvertising,opennesstowildideasandspontaneity(自發(fā)性)arescarceandindemand.Conscientiousnesscan___________creativity,especiallyinprofessionscallingforimagination.discourageImproveourselvesbypractisingThistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,ortohelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.【典例3】Positiveinfluencesaregoodgrades,teamspirits,andthebuilding-upofgood_______etc.habitsImproveourselvesbypractisingConclusion:

Locatethespecificsentenceforeachblanktogettheinformation.Payattentiontothecorrectformofthewordsothatitismeaningfulandgrammaticallytrue.ImproveourselvesbypractisingHowtouseaproperwordtoexpressasimilarmeaning?Task2:ImproveourselvesbypractisingNowadays,studyingabroadgainspopularityinChina.ManyrichparentswouldrathersendtheirchildrenabroadtoreceiveeducationthanletthembeeducatedinChina.Sendingchildrenabroadtoreceiveeducationis_________withmanyrichparentsinChina.

popular【典例4】ImproveourselvesbypractisingAndI’mnotalone:Inananalysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidenceofcause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfactionandsuccessfulbusinessoutcomes.The“happinessadvantage”effectis_______provedbyresearchfindings.strongly【典例5】ImproveourselvesbypractisingNewsofimmediatereward

paysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperience

withoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.

Newsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual____________.【典例6】involvementNewsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual____________.involvementImproveourselvesbypractising【典例7】Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.Oneis

relatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Divisionofnewsstories●Peopleexpecttoget_________fromreadingnews.●……●……rewards/rewardedImproveourselvesbypractisingConclusion:

Locatethecontent,analyzethestructureandre-saythesentencebasedonourunderstanding.Also,payattentiontotheformofthewordsothatitismeaningfulandgrammaticallytrue.ImproveourselvesbypractisingHowtoconcludefromthecontext?Task3:Improveourselvesbypractising1.原因、結(jié)果：2.觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度：3.評(píng)論、評(píng)價(jià)：4.方式、方法：5.異同點(diǎn)、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)、長(zhǎng)短處：6.目的、意圖：7.功能、作用：【常用概括性詞匯】reason(for),cause(of);result/consequenceopinion/view/point;attitude(to/towards)comment,remark,assessment,evaluationmethod,means,way(todo/ofdoing),approach(todoing);solution,measuredifference,similarity;advantage/benefit,disadvantage;strengths,weaknesses/drawback/shortcomingspurpose,aim,goal,target;intentionfunction8.建議：9.概括、總結(jié)：10.主題：11.特點(diǎn)：12.種類(lèi)：13.影響：14.重要性、意義：15.情形、形勢(shì)：16.知識(shí)、信息：17.定義：advice(U),suggestion,tipsummary,conclusiontheme,topic,subjectfeature,characteristic,characterkind,type,sort,category,classinfluence,impact,effectsignificance,importance,meaningsituationknowledge,informationdefinition【典例8】Thankstoagrowingmiddle-class,andanincreasinglydevelopednetworkofroads,thenumberofcarownersinChinaisrapidlyincreasing.ChinareplacedtheUSandbecametheworld’slargestcarmarketwith13.6millionvehiclessold._________fortheincreasingnumberofcarowners.●Agrowingmiddle-class;●Adevelopednetworkofroads.

ReasonsImproveourselvesbypractisingLandscaping（景觀美化）ismoreorlessanartform,whichaimsatmodifyingorimprovingthelooksofaparticularareaorapieceoflandwiththehelpofvariousfeatures,likewalls,fountainsfence,lights,ponds,gardens,etc.

【典例9】Title:Landscaping_________Anartformaimedtomodifyorimprovethelooksofaparticularareaorapieceofland.

DefinitionImproveourselvesbypractisingAsthejob-huntingseasonkicksoff,manygraduatesaresufferingfromanxiety.Jobinterviewresultsarebecomingthemostcommonconversationtopicindormitories.Worriedaboutnotgettingsatisfactoryoffers,somestudentshavesleepproblems,ordisplaysymptomsofdepression.【典例10】Present__________

oncampus

●

Asthejob-huntingseasoncomes,moststudentsbecomeanxious.

●Studentstalk

mainlyaboutjobinterviewresultsindormitories.

●Somestudentsareworriedaboutnotgettingsatisfactoryjobsandfeeldepressed.situationImproveourselvesbypractisingConclusion:

Functionalwordscanbesummarizedaccordingtothedetailsinthediagram.ImproveourselvesbypractisingTestourselves

雄心抱負(fù)也有消極的方面，它會(huì)使人煩惱，無(wú)論你有多少成就或者多么努力，你總是覺(jué)得自己做得不夠，這種擔(dān)憂(yōu)一直隱藏在你的內(nèi)心。然而，定期舉行自己的董事會(huì)、避免與別人比較、選擇性的自滿(mǎn)能夠讓你管理好自己的雄心抱負(fù)。只要你知道如何使用，雄心抱負(fù)就能發(fā)揮它的威力。GuidanceinChinese:Keys:1.Negative

根據(jù)第一段Whenambitionbothersyou,……Thiskindoffearalwaysstayshiddeninyou.可知，這是關(guān)于雄心抱負(fù)消極的方面。2.distinguish/tell/discriminate/differentiate

根據(jù)第二段Duringthemeeting,reviewyourgoals,analyzeyourperformanceovertheperiod.可知，在短時(shí)間內(nèi)你要檢查你的目標(biāo)，分析你的表現(xiàn)。由reviewyourgoals可知，你需要區(qū)分近期目標(biāo)與短期目標(biāo)或者長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)。

(review:examinecarefullyagainsothatyoucandecideifitisnecessarytomakechanges)3.comparisons/comparing

根據(jù)第三段Ifthisisthebenchmark（參照點(diǎn)）thatyoucompareyourselfto,it’stoughtofeellikeyou’redoingenough.可知，如果別人的成功是你與之比較的參照點(diǎn)，你會(huì)覺(jué)得自己做得不夠。所以我們要盡量避免與別人比較。4.immediately/instantly/quickly

根據(jù)第四段Therealityisthatcertainthingstaketime,regardlessofhowmuchyou’dlikethemtomovequicker可知，有些事情需要花時(shí)間，不會(huì)立刻完成。5.patient

根據(jù)第五段Somethingstakepatience……可知。1.Theabilitytosearchforthecorrectwordfromthecontext.（信息查找題