新視野第一冊第八單元課文講解

Directions:

Watchthevideoand

thendiscussthetopic

asfollows:Isgeniustheresultofnurtureortheresultofnature?keyI.Pre-readingActivities:Listen,Look&SayVideowatchingBack返回keyPathofthinking:DoyouagreewithEdison’ssaying“Geniusisonepercentinspirationand99percentperspiration”?Giveyourreasonsorexamples.Summary:Frommyangleofview,geniusistheresultofnurtureaswellasnature,withmorestressputontheformer,justasthesayingcoinedbyEdisongoes,“Geniusisonepercentinspirationand99percentperspiration.”Taketheinventionofbulbforexample.Thebigproblemwithitwasthefilamentgotburnedbecauseoftremendousheat.Edisonhaddonethousandsofexperimentsbeforehefinallyturnedoutabulbthatwouldglowforthreedays.Sothevideohasbornoutthetruththateveryinventionglowswithitsinventor’sgreateffortsaswellashiscreativity.>>>moreFromthevideo,therefore,wecanconcludethatanybrightideainyourmindhasalongwaytocoverbeforeitcanproveyourcreativity.Asisknowntoall,thelawofgravitywasatypicalproductofNewton’ssleeplikerelaxationunderanappletree.Butitwasthecountlessexperimentshemadelaterthatprovedittobetrueforthegravitationalforcebetweenanytwoobjectsintheuniverse.Ontheotherhand,anybrightideaaboutsomethingoccurstoyouonlywhenyouhavemadeasystematicstudyofit.Toachievethis,youneedtoworkhard,too.返回課文分析NewWords&Expressions課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCEsatisfactorya.令人滿意的flashvi.1.突然產生2.飛馳,掠過particularlyad.特別是;特別地glowvi.發光creationn.1.[U]創造2.[C]作品mysteryn.[C]謎;神秘的事物reasonablea.合理的;適當的psychologyn.[U]心理學psychologistn.[C]心理學家processn.[C]過程;進程NewWords&Expressions課文分析課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCEpersonalityn.1.[C]名人2.[C,U]性格intensifyv.

(使)增強,(使)加強

geniusn.1.[C]天才2.[U]天賦philosophyn.[U]哲學invention

n.1.[U]發明2.[C]發明物logicn.[U]邏輯推理signaln.[C]信號,暗號dramatica.1.引人注目的2.戲劇的composev./vt.創作/由···組成occupyvt.1.使忙于2.占用(時間,空間)NewWords&Expressions課文分析課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCEflingvt.

1.突然地移動2.猛扔;拋couchn.[C]長沙發miraclen.[C]奇跡mighty

a.強大的,巨大的orchestra

n.

[C]管弦樂隊orchestral

a.管弦樂的;管弦樂隊的contrastn.[C,U]對照;差異combinev.

(使)結合;(使)聯合combinationn.[C,U]結合,合并;組合物surgevi.洶涌;涌現mathematiciann.[C]數學家NewWords&Expressions課文分析課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCEstable

a.穩定的existence

n.[U]存在observe

vt.觀察;注意到

explosion

n.[C]1.爆發;爆炸2.激增exemplifyvt.舉例說明certainty

n.[U]確定;確定性,必然性enthusiasm

n.[U]熱情;積極性representative

a.典型的,有代表性的count

v.記數,點數目countless

a.無數的,不計其數的NewWords&Expressions課文分析課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCEsourcen.[C]源泉,來源instinctive

a.

(出于)本能的

responsiblea.

1.是···的原因2.有責任的disorganizevt.

使混亂,打亂disorganizeda.雜亂無章的;無計劃的elementn.[C]元素;成分sleeponsth.

暫時不作決定

agiftfromthegods

天賜;走運的機會

dependon

依靠,依賴writedown

寫下來NewWords&Expressions課文分析課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCEbeoccupiedwith

忙于做,專心于seekfor

尋找asthough

好像takeshape

成形putinto

(以···方式)表達atwork

在起作用arriveat

達成(協議),得出(結論)searchfor

搜索,尋找fillsb.withsth.

使充滿(感情)

RichardWagner

理查德·瓦格納(作曲家)

NewWords&Expressions課文分析課文閱讀隨筆Back小結預習寫作導入NHCERhinegold《萊茵河的黃金》Spezia斯佩齊亞(意大利的港市)HenriPoincare

亨利·龐加萊(法國數學家)

Fuchsianfunctions富克斯函數Descartes

笛卡爾(法國數學家)1.flashv.

①(ofanidea)comesuddenlyI.WordUsinge.g.

Agoodideaflashedintohermind.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing②tomoveveryfast;topasssuddenlyThecarflashedbysoquicklythatIcould

ensifyv.

tomakeorbecomestronger同根詞intensityn.

laborintensityaminorearthquakewithamaximumintensityofthree最大強度為三度的輕微地震勞動強度ensivecareintensivetraining

重病特別護理強化訓練WordsandExpressions—WordUsingWordsandExpressions—WordUsing3.dramatica.

veryobvious,sudden,exciting,ornotexpectede.g.Yourlifewillhaveadramaticchangewhenyouhaveababy.Tposev.

tocreateorproduceDuringhislife,Beethovenmainlycomposed9symphonies,32pianosonatasand17stringquartets.e.g.Couldyounamesomeof

Beethoven’scompositions?UseItWordsandExpressions—WordUsingTipsTipsWordsandExpressions—WordUsingSymphony9WordsandExpressions—WordUsingWordsandExpressions—WordUsing5.contrastn.anobviousdifferencebetweentwoormorethingse.g.Thecontrastbetweenthisyear’shighprofitsandlastyear’sbiglossesisreallyquitestriking.Translation黑色家具與白色墻壁形成很有意思的對比。KeyTheblackfurnishingsprovideaninterestingcontrasttothewhitewalls.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing5.contrastv.toshowadifferencewhencomparede.g.Ifyoucontrastsomeoftheearlywritingwithherlaterworkyoucanseejusthowmuchsheimproved.Phrasesin/bycontrastincontrastwith/toWordsandExpressions—WordUsing6.stablea.notlikelytomoveorchangee.g.Shewassaidtobeinastableconditionfollowingthehearttransplantoperation.同根詞stabilitystabilizee.g.Hesufferedasecondheartattacktwodaysagobuthisconditionhasnowstabilized.7.observev.

Whatdoes“observe”meaninthefollowingsentences?Theroleofscientistsistoobserveanddescribetheworld,nottocontrolit.2.Didyou

observe

anythingstrangeinthat

student’sbehavior?3.Alltheserulesmustbestrictlyobserved.4.InAustralia,peopleobserveChristmasDay

insummer.WordsandExpressions—WordUsing

8.explosionn.

asuddenburstingoutTheexplosionwasofsuchintensitythatitwasheardfivemilesaway.explorationexpansionexpectationexpense近形詞

WordsandExpressions—WordUsingPractice

e.g.Amini-testIn1492,Columbussetoutonthevoyageof____whichledtohisdiscoveryoftheNewWorld.A)explorationB)expansionC)expectationD)expenseWordsandExpressions—WordUsing2.Consideringtheproblemshe’shadtherecanbelittle____ofhimwinningtherace.A)explorationB)expansionC)expectationD)expense9.representativea.

beinglikeorcommontoothersofthesameclasse.g.WordsandExpressions—WordUsingIngeneral,anythingrepresentativeofa

nation’sglorioushistory,herbraveand

creativespirit,orheruniqueinsightsintotheworldisvaluedasthesymbolofherculture.Areyouropinionsrepresentativeofthoseofotherstudents?代表者，代理人；代表物，典型；(美）眾議員9.representativen.Thefirmhastworepresentatives

ineveryEuropeancity.e.g.同根詞

representWordsandExpressions—WordUsing9.representv.tobeasignorsymbolofsth.長城代表著我國古代人民的勤勞和智慧。TranslationTheGreatWallrepresentsthehard-workingspiritandwisdomofancientChinesepeople.KeyWordsandExpressions—WordUsingStructureSurveyReadthroughthetext,andfillintheblankswiththemissinginformation.I.UnderstandingIntextA,theauthorarguesthatinspirationscomefromtheunconscious.Tomakehisargumentconvincing,hecitedseveralexamples.TextStudy—UnderstandingPartOne(Paras.1–3):IntroductionAccordingtotheauthor,goodideascomefrom__________________,a______________termusedtodescribe________________thatremainunknowntotheindividual.Manygreatcreativepersonalitiesindifferentfieldexperienced___________________________inanintensifiedform.theunconsciouspsychologicalmentalprocessesthesuddenarrivalofanewideaTextStudy—UnderstandingSubject:________________________________Example1Example2Example3RichardWagnerHenriPoincareDescartesInspirationscomefromtheunconscious.1.StructureAnalysisofPartTwo(Paras.4–6)

Example1RichardWagner,thegreatGerman_________,

hadbeenoccupiedwiththeideaofcomposing

theopeningto“Rhinegold”forseveralyears.

composerTextStudy—UnderstandingWhenatlasttheorchestralopening,forwhichhis____________mindhadbeenseekingforsolong,tookshapewithinhim,his_________mindatthemomentofcreationknew________oftheactualprocessbywhichthesolutionwasfound.Anewideamay______intotheconsciousmind.unconsciousconsciousnothingflashTextStudy—UnderstandingExample2ThediscoveryofFuchsianFunctionsby

HenriPoincareshowsthatthe_________

mindmay_______the___________mindatwork.consciousobserve

unconsciousTextStudy—UnderstandingExample3Itwas_________thatDescartes,thefamousFrenchphilosopher,discoveredthekeypointinhis__________—cogitoergosum,whichmeans___________________inEnglish.inadreamphilosophyIthink;therefore,IexistTextStudy—UnderstandingPartThree(Para.7):ConclusionTheunconsciousisthe________oftheinstinctivethinkinganditis__________fornew_________concepts.sourceresponsibleorganizedTextStudy—Understanding2.Thewaytodevelopparagraphs:

contrastUsingcomparisonorcontrastisacommonwayinwritingparagraphs.Thephraseslike“asacontrast”,“by/incontrast”,“by/incomparison”,“onthecontrary”,“while”,“however”,“nevertheless”or“unlike”areoftenusedtomaketheparagraphscoherentandsmooth.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisAnalyzehowcontrastisusedbytheauthortodescribetheformingofWagner’sandHenriPoincar’sbrightideas.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisPara.4Para.5Thesubject:Thesubject:AstoryaboutRichardWagner,acomposer.AstoryaboutHenriPoincareasacontrasttothatof

Wagner.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisPara.4TextStudy—StructureAnalysisTheprocessofformingbigideas:Theprocessofformingbigideas:Para.5…couldnotsleep……atlastthemiraclehappened……buthearrivedatnoresult……contrarytohis……manyideas…Para.4Para.5Theresult:Theresult:Theconsciousmindknewnothingoftheactualprocessesbywhichthesolutionwasfound.Theconsciousmindobservedthenewcombinationsbeingformedintheunconscious.TextStudy—StructureAnalysisOfcourse,

all

ideas

don’t

occurlikethatbutsomanydo,particularlythemostimportantones.(L5)Note部分否定:代詞all與not搭配使用時,表示部分否定,意為“并非都是,不是每個都是”等。(examples)1.33334441當然，并非所有的思想都是這樣產生的，但許多思想的產生確實如此，尤其是那些最為重要的思想。

Allisnotgoldthatglitters.Allthatglittersisnotgold.發光的并非都是金子。②

Opportunitiescometoall,butallarenot

readyforthemwhentheycome.機會是均等的，人人都有，但不見得在機會到來時人人都能準備好去接受它。e.g.①Whichtranslationiscorrect?這兩部電影我都不喜歡。Idon’tlikebothofthefilms.Ilikeneitherofthefilms.英語中表示全部否定時常用等詞。no,none,nobody,nothing,neither,never,nowhereNote除了all之外,可與not搭配構成部分否定結構的代詞還有:等,這種結構往往構成翻譯陷阱。

Everybodycannotenjoysymphonies.并非每個人都能欣賞交響樂。e.g.both,every,everybody,everyone,many，everythingPractice:Idon’tknowbothofthem.Everybodywon’tlikethat.Idon’trememberallthesewords.Hedoesn’tknoweverythingaboutit.Allthenewsisnottrue.Neitherofthefilmisinteresting.2....itiseasiesttoexamineitinthegreat

creativepersonalities,

manyofwhom

experienceditinanintensifiedformand

havewrittenitdownintheirlifestoriesandletters.(L14)Many這在那些富有創造性的天才人物身上最顯而易見。他們中的許多人對這種經歷有著強烈的感受。名詞(代詞或數詞)+of+whom結構(examples)Manyofthehighlycreativepersonshadexperiencesofthissortandfeltitseffectsstrongly,asyoucanfindintheirlifestoriesandletters,sotheircaseiseasiesttostudyandunderstand.介詞+關系代詞”前還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代詞或者數詞Shehadfivechildren,wholiveduptogrowupShehadfivechildren,threeofwhomlivedtogrowup

Thebookcontains50poems,

mostofwhich

werewrittenin1930’s.

Therearetwoleft,

oneofwhich

isalmost

finishedand

theotherofwhich

isnotquite.e.g.

Ourclassconsistsof50members,

15of

whom

arefemale.Translatethefollowingsentences籃子里有很多蘋果，其中的一些壞了我們班有五十個學生，大多數都來自北京直到現在，他已經寫了十部小說了，其中三部是關于鄉村生活的。3.

Alltrulycreativeactivitiesdependinsome

degreeonthesesignalsfromtheunconscious,

and

themorehighlyinsightful

theperson,

thesharperandmoredramatic

thesignals

become.(L20)一切真正創造性的活動似乎都在某種程度上依賴于潛意識中的這些信號；一個人洞察力越強，這些信號就越鮮明、越富有戲劇性。Youmusthavebecomeinsomedegreeattachedtothehouse.Thebackwardnessofeducationinthisareais,insomedegree,duetolackofqualifiedteachersIneconomicmattersEuropeandAmericaweretosomeextentrivalsProductionoffruitandvegetableshasalsoriseninvaryingdegrees.Translation①你開始得越早，就完成得越快。②你認識的人越多，你能用于見他們的時間就越少。Thesooneryoustart,themorequicklyyou’llfinish.Themorepeopleyouknow,