2024年大學英語四級考試閱讀理解練習20篇

大學英語四級考試閱讀理解練習20篇大學英語四級考試閱讀理解練習20篇WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguage,heshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange—attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.Ourlanguagehasalwaysbeenalivinggrowingorganism,ithasneverbeenstatic.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuchastudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.『Atoneextremeithasbeenthepropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirliving,muchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.』①Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthosewhohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitsomepermanence,order,dignity,andifpossible,alittlebeauty.Asweconsiderourchanginglanguage,weshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportancetous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-Saxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevicesforshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentence.Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)wasalanguageofmanyinflections.ModernEnglishhasfewinflections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthattheolderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,arewordssuchasprepositions,conjunctions,andafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords.Afewinflections,however,havesurvived.Andwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordorder,theremaybetroublefortheusersofthelanguage,asweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmatersasWHOorWHOMandMEorI.Thesecondfactwemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchanges,ourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.『Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.』②1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguists,modernlinguiststendto.A.attempttocontinuethestandardizationofthelanguageB.evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatternsC.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguagethanitsanalysisorhistoryD.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguageusage2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword“inflection”usedinline4ofparagraph2.A.Changesintheformsofwords.B.Changesinsentencestructures.C.Changesinspellingrules.D.Wordsthathavesimilarmeanings.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningofthemodernEnglishlanguage.B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageatsomestagesofitsdevelopment.C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchange.D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablya(an).A.historianB.philosopherC.anthropologistD.linguist5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguage.C.Ourchanginglanguage.D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.Vocabulary1.spann.跨度，范圍，一段時間，期間2.imperceptibleadj.感覺不到的，察覺不到的，極細微的3.organismn.生物體，有機體4.possessionn.擁有，占有，領土，領地5.ignorantadj.無知的6.folkn.人們，民族7.permanencen.永久，持久8.Anglo-Saxonsn.盎格魯—撒克遜語，盎格魯—撒克遜人，地道的英國人9.reversaln.顛倒，反向，逆轉10.inflectionn.詞尾變化11.prepositionn.前置詞，介詞12.conjunctionn.聯合，關聯，連接詞13.intermsof根據，按照，用……的話，在……方面長難句解析①【解析】“who”引導非限制性定語從句，修飾“thecommon,ignorantfolk”。“muchas”引導狀語從句。“kitchenpotsandpans”意為“鍋碗瓢盆”。【譯文】首先它是那些一般人甚至無知民眾的財產，她們每天都像使喚她們的牲畜和鍋碗瓢盆同樣用著語言。②【解析】此句為一種復合倒裝句。“until”引導一種并列句，前一句的主語是“atendency”，“tofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew”作“tendency”的定語，第二句的主語也是“atendency”，“to”背面的句子作“tendency”的定語，“inwhich”引導的定語從句修飾“ways”。【譯文】例如在18世紀一種產生于多種來源的趨勢把語言固定在一種不常使用和不利于語言發展的模式中，而到了當今，主流是要反復研究、評價人們說話、寫作中的語言實踐。答案與詳解【短文大意】本文重要講述英語演變過程的某些特點，指出了古英語與現代英語的不一樣，以及語言學家看待語言形式的態度的變化。1.B細節題。根據題干回原文中定位，閱讀文章時注意首末段及各段開頭的句子，這往往都是考點所在。這篇文章講的重要是英語語言演變的某些特點，指出了古英語與現代英語的不一樣，以及語言學家態度的轉變。本題問的正是現代語言學家與初期語言學家不一樣的傾向。根據文章末尾Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.現代語言學家傾向于根據人們說和寫的方式評價語言實踐，而不是像初期的語言學家根據一定的模式評價語言。選項B符合文章的意思。2.A詞匯題。要根據上下文的信息判斷單詞的意思。文章在第二段中間再次提到inflection時說，Afewinflections,however,havesurvived.背面文章又舉了WHO/WHOM和ME/I為例闡明inflection，這是一篇有關語言學的文章，從例子可以看出inflection的意思應當是“單詞的變形”，選項A對的。3.A細節題。根據文章的內容，選項A“普遍認為15是現代英語的起點”在文章中沒有提及，故為對的答案。文章第二句說Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange-attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.我們語言的歷史是一種不停變化的歷史——在某些時間裏緩慢得幾乎難以察覺，在另某些時間裏則是兩種語言的劇烈碰撞。由此可以推斷某些其他的語言對英語的發展有重大影響，選項B符合文章的意思。4.D詞匯題。此題考察考生的推測能力和詞匯量，文章講述的是英國語言演進的詳細細節，最合適的答案應當是D。作者很也許是一位語言學家。A答案(歷史學家)和C答案(人類學家)也可以有點困惑性。B答案(哲學家)是最不符合的。5.C主旨題。本文從各個方面談及英語作為一種語言的發展變化，但并不是講述英語的歷史。因此選項A不對，選項C作為文章的題目最為貼切。選項B只是文章論述的一種方面，不夠全面。文章是在談到英語的不停變化的時候談到了現代英語的某些特點，因此選項D也失之于片面。舊金山成為繁華都市的原因Askedtonametheirfavoritecity,manyAmerianswouldselectSanFranciscowhichbeganasasmallSpanishoutpostlocatedonamagnificentbay.ThetownwaslittlemorethanavillageservingrancherswhentheUnitedStatestookpossessionofitin1846duringthewarwithMexico.SanFranciscosprangintoacityovernightbecauseofthenearbydiscoveryofgoldin1848.AgreatrushtoCaliforniatookplace.Wagontrainsploddedtheirdangerouswayacrossmilesofprairieandmountains,whilehundredsofsailingvesselsmadetheequallyhazardoustriparoundtheHorn.Thevesselsdisgorgedthousandsofpassengers--thenthecrewsdesertedtheirshipandhundredsofvesselswerelefttorotinthebay.Withintwoyears,CaliforniahadenoughpopulationtobecomeastateandSanFranciscowasformanyyearsthehubofthatnewly-arrivedpopulation.Thecity'spresentpopularityisduetoanexcellentclimate,aneasystyleofliving,goodfood,andnumeroustouristattractions.Thecityisfamousforitscablecarswhich"