高中英語語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題

高中英語語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題語法，作為語言的骨架與規(guī)則體系，在高中英語學(xué)習(xí)中占據(jù)著舉足輕重的地位。它不僅是理解復(fù)雜文本的鑰匙，更是準(zhǔn)確、流利表達(dá)思想的基石。為了幫助同學(xué)們更好地掌握高中階段核心語法知識，我們精心設(shè)計(jì)了以下專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題。這些題目力求貼近高考命題趨勢，覆蓋重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)，并輔以詳盡解析，希望能助你在語法學(xué)習(xí)的道路上穩(wěn)步前行，真正做到融會貫通，學(xué)以致用。一、動詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)動詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)是英語語法的靈魂，也是同學(xué)們在日常運(yùn)用中最易混淆的部分。以下練習(xí)將幫助你梳理不同時(shí)態(tài)的核心含義及時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)的結(jié)合運(yùn)用。請選擇最佳答案填入括號內(nèi)。1.Bythetimewearrivedatthecinema,themovie_______fortenminutes.()A.hadbegunB.hasbegunC.hadbeenonD.hasbeenon2.Theconference_______nextmonthisexpectedtodrawoverathousandparticipantsfromaroundtheworld.()A.heldB.tobeheldC.beingheldD.holding3.She_______inthissmalltownsinceshegraduatedfromcollege,andshehasnoplanstoleave.()A.livesB.haslivedC.islivingD.livedA.isbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.wasbuilt5.Ifyou_______moreattentiontoyourpronunciationearlier,you_______somanymistakesnow.()A.paid;wouldn'tmakeB.hadpaid;wouldn'tmakeC.paid;wouldn'thavemadeD.hadpaid;wouldn'thavemade6.Myparents_______TVwhenIgothomelastnight.Theyusually_______TVafterdinner.()A.watched;watchB.werewatching;watchC.watched;arewatchingD.werewatching;arewatching7.Thefamouswriter_______onenewbookinthepasttwoyears,andanotherone_______now.()A.haswritten;isbeingwrittenB.waswriting;iswrittenC.wrote;isbeingwrittenD.haswritten;hasbeenwritten8.Thiskindofcloth_______welland_______long.Manypeopleliketobuyit.()A.washes;lastsB.iswashed;lastedC.washes;islastedD.iswashed;islasted參考答案及解析：1.C.hadbeenon解析："Bythetime+過去時(shí)從句"，主句常用過去完成時(shí)，表示“到…時(shí)候?yàn)橹梗呀?jīng)…”。"begin"為短暫性動詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的"fortenminutes"連用，需轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性狀態(tài)"beon"。2.B.tobeheld解析：句中"nextmonth"提示會議尚未舉行，應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語表示將來的動作，且"conference"與"hold"之間為被動關(guān)系，故用"tobeheld"。3.B.haslived解析："sinceshegraduatedfromcollege"（自從她大學(xué)畢業(yè)）是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的典型標(biāo)志，表示動作從過去某一時(shí)間開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)下去。4.B.isbeingbuilt解析：句中"now"提示動作正在進(jìn)行，"bridge"與"build"之間為被動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)"isbeingbuilt"。5.B.hadpaid;wouldn'tmake解析：此句為混合虛擬語氣。從句"earlier"表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，用過去完成時(shí)"hadpaid"；主句"now"表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的結(jié)果，用"wouldn'tmake"。6.B.werewatching;watch解析：第一空，"whenIgothomelastnight"強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去某個(gè)具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動作，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)"werewatching"；第二空，"usually"表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)"watch"。7.A.haswritten;isbeingwritten解析：第一空，"inthepasttwoyears"（在過去兩年里）是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，故用"haswritten"；第二空，"now"提示動作正在進(jìn)行，"anotherone"（另一本書）與"write"之間為被動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)"isbeingwritten"。8.A.washes;lasts解析：某些不及物動詞如"wash,sell,read,write"等，用主動形式表示被動意義，說明主語的某種屬性或特征，常與副詞"well,easily,long"等連用。此處"washeswell"意為“好洗”，"lastslong"意為“耐穿”。二、非謂語動詞非謂語動詞（不定式、動名詞、分詞）是英語中極具表現(xiàn)力的語法現(xiàn)象，也是高考的?？键c(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。掌握其基本用法及區(qū)別，能顯著提升語言的準(zhǔn)確性和豐富性。請選擇最佳答案填入括號內(nèi)。1._______Englishwell,weshouldpracticespeakingitasmuchaspossible.()A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Learned2.Iremember_______himsomewherebefore,butIcan'trecallhisnamerightnow.()A.tomeetB.meetingC.meetD.met3._______bythebeautifulscenery,thevisitorsdecidedtostayforanothertwodays.()A.AttractingB.AttractedC.ToattractD.Havingattracted4.Theteacherencouragedus_______gooduseofoursparetime_______morebooks.()A.tomake;toreadB.making;readingC.tomake;readingD.making;toread5.Theproblem_______atthemeetingyesterdayisveryimportantandneeds_______immediately.()A.discussing;solvingB.discussed;tosolveC.discussed;tobesolvedD.beingdiscussed;solving6._______thehomework,hewentouttoplaybasketballwithhisfriends.()A.FinishingB.HavingfinishedC.TofinishD.Finished7.Thegirl_______inthecornerismysister.Sheisinterestedin_______stories.()A.sitting;writingB.sat;writingC.sitting;writtenD.sat;written8.It'snouse_______abouttheexam.Whatmattersis_______hardfromnowon.()A.worry;workB.toworry;toworkC.worrying;workingD.worrying;towork參考答案及解析：1.C.Tolearn解析：此處用不定式作目的狀語，表示“為了學(xué)好英語”。句首大寫，故為"Tolearn"。2.B.meeting解析："rememberdoingsth."表示“記得曾經(jīng)做過某事”（事情已做）；"remembertodosth."表示“記得要去做某事”（事情未做）。根據(jù)句意“我記得以前在某處見過他”，應(yīng)用"meeting"。3.B.Attracted解析：逗號前為分詞短語作狀語，邏輯主語"thevisitors"與"attract"之間是被動關(guān)系（游客被景色吸引），故用過去分詞"Attracted"。4.A.tomake;toread解析："encouragesb.todosth."為固定搭配，意為“鼓勵某人做某事”。第二個(gè)空同樣用不定式作目的狀語，即“利用業(yè)余時(shí)間去讀更多的書”。5.C.discussed;tobesolved解析：第一空，"problem"與"discuss"之間為被動關(guān)系，且"yesterday"提示動作已完成，用過去分詞"discussed"作后置定語；第二空，"needdoingsth."或"needtobedone"均表示“某事需要被做”，但此處主語是"theproblem"，"needstobesolved"更側(cè)重于動作的執(zhí)行者尚未明確，或強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。6.B.Havingfinished解析：逗號前的動作"finishthehomework"發(fā)生在主句動作"wentout"之前，且邏輯主語"he"與"finish"之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式"Havingfinished"作狀語，表示動作的先后順序。7.A.sitting;writing解析：第一空，"thegirl"與"sit"之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞"sitting"作后置定語，修飾"thegirl"；第二空，"beinterestedindoingsth."為固定搭配，意為“對做某事感興趣”，故用"writing"。8.D.worrying;towork解析："It'snousedoingsth."為固定句型，意為“做某事是沒用的”，其中"it"為形式主語，真正的主語是動名詞短語"worryingabouttheexam"。第二空，"Whatmattersis..."中，"is"后的表語從句表示具體的將要采取的行動，用不定式"towork"更合適，強(qiáng)調(diào)“從現(xiàn)在開始努力學(xué)習(xí)”這一具體行為。三、定語從句定語從句是用以修飾名詞或代詞的復(fù)雜句結(jié)構(gòu)，它能使句子表達(dá)更加簡潔和豐富。正確理解和運(yùn)用關(guān)系代詞（which,that,who,whom,whose）和關(guān)系副詞（where,when,why）是掌握定語從句的關(guān)鍵。請選擇最佳答案填入括號內(nèi)。1.Thisisthefactory_______myfatherworkedtenyearsago.()A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what2.Thebook_______coverisbluebelongstome.Iboughtitfromthebookstore_______isnearourschool.()A.which;whichB.whose;whereC.whose;whichD.ofwhich;that3.Iwillneverforgettheday_______wefirstmeteachother.Andthestory_______happenedonthatdayisstillclearinmymind.()A.when;thatB.which;whenC.where;whichD.onwhich;whatA.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose5.Doyouknowthereason_______shewaslateforschoolthismorning?()A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where6.Thescientist_______wemetyesterdayhasmadegreatcontributionstothefieldofmedicine.Hisresearch,_______waspublishedlastyear,hasattractedworldwideattention.()A.whom;whichB.who;thatC.which;whichD.that;whom7.Wevisitedthevillage_______manyancienttemplesarelocated.Mostofthetemples_______datebacktotheMingDynastyarewellpreserved.()A.where;whichB.which;whereC.that;whichD.where;whose8.Thisisthebestfilm_______Ihaveeverseen.Ican'tthinkofanother_______ismoreinteresting.()A.which;thatB.that;whichC.that;thatD.which;which參考答案及解析：1.A.where解析：先行詞是"thefactory"，定語從句中"myfatherworked"主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞"where"（相當(dāng)于"inwhich"）。2.C.whose;which解析：第一空，先行詞是"thebook"，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，修飾"cover"，表示“書的封面”，故用"whose"；第二空，先行詞是"thebookstore"，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，故用"which"或"that"，選項(xiàng)中只有"which"。3.A.when;that解析：第一空，先行詞是"theday"，定語從句中不缺主語或賓語，缺少時(shí)間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞"when"（相當(dāng)于"onwhich"）；第二空，先行詞是"thestory"，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指物，故用"that"或"which"。4.C.who解析：先行詞是"theonlystudent"，指人，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語。當(dāng)先行詞被"theon