《無人機行業應用（雙語）》課件-31.常用農藥劑型與科學施藥原則

常用農藥劑型與科學施藥原則Commonpesticideformulationsandscientificapplicationprinciples-《無人機行業應用》-"UnmannedAerialVehicleIndustryApplications"Foreword前言在現代農業植保作業中，正確選擇農藥劑型和掌握科學施藥方法，不僅直接影響植保效果，更關系到農產品質量安全和生態環境保護。Inmodernagriculturalplantprotectionoperations,thecorrectselectionofpesticideformulationsandthemasteryofscientificapplicationmethodsnotonlydirectlyaffecttheeffectivenessofplantprotectionbutalsorelatetothequalityandsafetyofagriculturalproductsandtheprotectionoftheecologicalenvironment.Foreword前言作為無人機應用技術專業的學生，深入理解這些知識對我們未來從事植保作業具有重要意義。AsstudentsmajoringinUnmannedAerialVehicleapplicationtechnology,athoroughunderstandingofthisknowledgeisofgreatsignificanceforustoengageinplantprotectionoperationsinthefuture.壹常用農藥劑型及其特點Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics常用農藥劑型及其特點Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics農藥劑型根據物理形態和使用特點可分為多種類型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.傳統常用劑型，具有藥效穩定、使用方便的特點；Itisatraditionalandcommonlyuseddosageform,featuringstableefficacyandconvenientuse.在無人機施藥中需要注意其對環境的潛在影響。Whenusingdronesforpesticideapplication,itisnecessarytopayattentiontotheirpotentialimpactontheenvironment.乳油（Emulsifiedoil）常用農藥劑型及其特點Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics成本較低，儲存運輸方便。Ithasalowcostandisconvenientforstorageandtransportation.需要充分攪拌防止堵塞噴頭。Itisnecessarytostirthoroughlytopreventthenozzlefromclogging.可濕性粉劑（Wettablepowder）農藥劑型根據物理形態和使用特點可分為多種類型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.常用農藥劑型及其特點Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics近年來廣泛使用的新型劑型，具有溶解性好、粉塵少、包裝易處理等優點，非常適合無人機施藥。Thenewdosageformthathasbeenwidelyusedinrecentyearshastheadvantagesofgoodsolubility,lessdustandeasypackagingandhandling,andisverysuitableforpesticideapplicationbyunmannedaerialvehicles.水分散粒劑（Waterdispersiongranularagent）農藥劑型根據物理形態和使用特點可分為多種類型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.常用農藥劑型及其特點Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics通過濕法研磨制成，顆粒細小，分散性好，在無人機低容量噴霧中表現優異。Itismadebywetgrinding,withfineparticlesandgooddispersibility,andperformsexcellentlyinlow-volumesprayforunmannedaerialvehicles.懸浮劑（Suspendingagent）農藥劑型根據物理形態和使用特點可分為多種類型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.常用農藥劑型及其特點Commonpesticideformulationsandtheircharacteristics水劑（Aqueousagent）農藥劑型根據物理形態和使用特點可分為多種類型。Pesticideformulationscanbeclassifiedintovarioustypesbasedontheirphysicalformsandapplicationcharacteristics.微乳劑（Microemulsion）緩釋劑（Sustained-releaseagent）Croptype作物類型Targetofpreventionandcontrol防治對象Applicationmethod施藥方式要關注劑型對噴頭的影響，避免選擇易產生沉淀或腐蝕性的劑型。Payattentiontotheinfluenceofthedosageformonthenozzleandavoidchoosingdosageformsthatarepronetosedimentationorcorrosiveness.貳科學施藥基本原則Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication科學施藥基本原則Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication科學施藥首先要遵循“安全第一”原則。Thescientificapplicationofpesticidesmustfirstfollowtheprincipleof"safetyfirst".Operatorsafety操作人員安全Cropsafety作物安全Environmentalsafety環境安全在使用前必須了解農藥的毒性等級，做好個人防護；Beforeuse,itisnecessarytounderstandthetoxicitylevelofthepesticideandtakegoodpersonalprotectivemeasures.要注意作物的敏感期，避免產生藥害；Payattentiontothesensitiveperiodofcropstoavoidpesticidedamage.要考慮對周邊環境和有益生物的影響。Theimpactonthesurroundingenvironmentandbeneficialorganismsshouldbetakenintoconsideration.科學施藥基本原則Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication“適時用藥”是提高防治效果的關鍵。"Timelymedication"isthekeytoimprovingtheeffectivenessofpreventionandtreatment.要根據病蟲害發生規律，在最佳防治時期用藥。Pesticidesshouldbeusedatthebesttimeforpreventionandcontrolinaccordancewiththeoccurrencepatternsofpestsanddiseases.要考慮天氣條件，避免在雨天、大風天或高溫時段施藥。Weatherconditionsshouldbetakenintoaccounttoavoidapplyingpesticidesonrainydays,windydaysorduringhigh-temperatureperiods.無人機作業特別要注意風速和溫度對霧滴飄移和蒸發的影響。Specialattentionshouldbepaidtotheinfluenceofwindspeedandtemperatureondropletdriftandevaporationindroneoperations.科學施藥基本原則Thebasicprinciplesofscientificpesticideapplication“精準施藥”要求我們根據病蟲害發生程度，合理確定施藥量和施藥部位。"Precisepesticideapplication"requiresustoreasonablydeterminethedosageandapplicationsitesofpesticidesbasedontheseverityofpestanddiseaseoccurrence.通過無人機精準施藥技術，可以實現按需施藥，避免農藥浪費。Throughtheprecisepesticideapplicationtechnologyofunmannedaerialvehicles,on-demandpesticideapplicationcanbeachieved,avoidingthewasteofpesticides.同時要遵循輪換用藥原則，防止病蟲害產生抗藥性。Atthesametime,theprincipleofrotatingtheuseofpesticidesshouldbefollowedtopreventpestsanddiseasesfromdevelopingresistance.無人機施藥技術要點Keypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnology叁無人機施藥技術要點KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologySpecialattentionshouldbepaidtotheselectionandpreparationofpesticideswhenusingdronesforpesticideapplication.無人機施藥需要特別注意藥劑的選擇和配制。選擇適合航空施藥的劑型，優先選擇沉降性好、抗飄移的劑型。Selectthedosageformsuitableforaerialspraying,andgiveprioritytothosewithgoodsedimentationandanti-driftproperties.在配制時要注意二次稀釋，確保藥劑充分溶解，避免出現沉淀堵塞噴頭。Whenpreparing,itisnecessarytopayattentiontosecondarydilutiontoensurethatthereagentisfullydissolvedandavoidsedimentationthatclogsthenozzle.無人機施藥技術要點KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyThesettingofpesticideapplicationparametersdirectlyaffectsthecontroleffect.施藥參數設置直接影響防治效果。飛行高度一般控制在作物冠層上方1.5-3米，根據作物類型和風速適當調整。Theflightaltitudeisgenerallycontrolledat1.5to3metersabovethecropcanopy,andisappropriatelyadjustedaccordingtothetypeofcropandwindspeed.飛行速度建議在3-6米/秒之間，確保霧滴有足夠的時間沉降。Itisrecommendedthattheflightspeedbebetween3and6meterspersecondtoensurethatthedropletshavesufficienttimetosettle.無人機施藥技術要點KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyThesettingofpesticideapplicationparametersdirectlyaffectsthecontroleffect.施藥參數設置直接影響防治效果。噴幅設置要考慮風速和作物密度，避免重噴漏噴。Thesettingofthespraywidthshouldtakeintoaccountthewindspeedandcropdensitytoavoiddoublesprayingormissedspraying.無人機施藥技術要點KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyTheconcentrationanddosageoftheliquidmedicineneedtobescientificallycalculated.藥液濃度和用量需要科學計算。與傳統施藥相比，無人機施藥用水量減少，但要注意保證單位面積有效成分用量。Comparedwithtraditionalpesticideapplication,thewaterconsumptionforpesticideapplicationbydronesisreduced,butitisnecessarytoensurethedosageofactiveingredientsperunitarea.建議根據推薦劑量，結合飛行參數精確計算。Itisrecommendedtocalculatepreciselybasedontherecommendeddosageincombinationwithflightparameters.無人機施藥技術要點KeypointsofdronepesticideapplicationtechnologyTheconcentrationanddosageoftheliquidmedicineneedtobescientificallycalculated.藥液濃度和用量需要科學計算。Pesticideapplicationrecord施藥記錄藥劑信息Pharmaceuticalinformation施藥時間Applicationtime氣象條件Meteorologicalconditions便于效果評估和問題追溯。Itisconvenientforeffectevaluationandproblemtraceability.總結Summary認識