英語四級閱讀真題卷

英語四級閱讀真題卷一、單項選擇題（共10題，每題2分，總計20分）Passage1A2024surveyconductedbytheNationalEmploymentResearchInstitutecovered1200full-timeemployeesaged18to35across17industries,aimingtoexploreyoungworkers’preferencesforworkmodes.Theresultsshowedthatonly12%ofrespondentspreferredworkingfullyon-site,while68%chosehybridwork(combining2-3dayson-siteandtherestremote)astheirfirstchoice,andtheremaining20%favoredfullyremotework.Respondentslistedthetopbenefitsofnon-on-siteworkascuttingcommutingtime(savinganaverageof78minutesperdayforurbanworkers),moreflexiblescheduletobalanceworkandfamilylife,andlowerdailycostsontransportationandmeals.However,42%ofparticipantsalsomentionedpotentialchallenges:reducedface-to-facecommunicationmaylowerteamcollaborationefficiency,andremoteworkersaremorelikelytobeignoredduringpromotionevaluationscomparedtotheiron-sitepeers.Thereportconcludedthatcompaniesshoulddesignflexibleworksystemswithclearassessmentstandardstobalanceefficiencyandemployeedemands.1.Whatisthemainfindingofthe2024survey?A.MostyoungworkerspreferfullyremoteworkB.HybridworkisthemostpopularworkmodeamongyoungrespondentsC.On-siteworkmodehasbeencompletelyeliminatedD.Commutingtimehasnoimpactonworkers’modechoices2.Howmuchtimecannon-on-siteworkerssaveonaverageperdayaccordingtothesurvey?A.42minutesB.68minutesC.78minutesD.120minutes3.Whichofthefollowingisalistedchallengeofremotework?A.HigherdailycostsonmealsB.LongerworkingtimethanrequiredC.LowerpossibilityofgettingpromotedD.Worsepersonalhealthcondition4.Whatdoesthereportsuggestcompaniesdo?A.AdoptfullyremoteworkmodeforallemployeesB.Raisethesalaryofon-siteworkersC.SetclearassessmentrulesforflexibleworkD.Reducethenumberofhybridworkpositions5.Whatpercentageofrespondentspreferfullyon-sitework?A.12%B.20%C.42%D.68%Passage2Micro-greenspaces,alsoknownaspocketparks,refertosmallpublicgreenareascoveringlessthan1000squaremeters,usuallytransformedfromunusedstreetcorners,abandonedparkinglotsoridlecommunityspaces.From2021to2024,thecityofLinjiangbuilt320newmicro-greenspaces,covering87%ofitsoldresidentialcommunitiesthatpreviouslyhadnopublicgreenfacilities.A2024ecologicalresearchconductedbyLinjiangUniversityfoundthatthesemicro-greenspacescanreducethesurroundingambienttemperatureby1.2to1.8degreesCelsiusinsummer,effectivelyrelievingtheurbanheatislandeffect.Inaddition,76%ofresidentslivingnearmicro-greenspacesreportedasignificantimprovementinlifesatisfaction,andthenumberofneighborhooddisputesinthesecommunitiesdroppedby34%comparedto2020.Thelocalgovernmentsaiditwillinvestanother280millionyuaninthenextthreeyearstobuild200moremicro-greenspaces,coveringallresidentialcommunitiesinthecityby2027.6.Whatisthearearangeofmicro-greenspacesaccordingtothepassage?A.Lessthan1000squaremetersB.1000to2000squaremetersC.2000to3000squaremetersD.Morethan3000squaremeters7.Whatwerethe320newmicro-greenspacesinLinjiangmainlybuilttocover?A.CentralbusinessdistrictsB.OldresidentialcommunitieswithoutgreenfacilitiesC.SuburbanindustrialparksD.Touristattractionsinthecity8.Whateffectdomicro-greenspaceshaveonsummertemperatureaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theycanraisesurroundingtemperatureby1.2℃B.TheyhavenoimpactonsurroundingtemperatureC.Theycanlowersurroundingtemperaturebyupto1.8℃D.Theycankeepthetemperatureat18℃allyearround9.Bywhatpercentagedidneighborhooddisputesincommunitieswithmicro-greenspacesdrop?A.28%B.34%C.76%D.87%10.Whatisthelocalgovernment’sfutureplanformicro-greenspaces?A.Stopbuildingnewmicro-greenspacesafter2024B.ReducetheinvestmentingreenfacilitiesC.Coverallresidentialcommunitiesby2027D.Transformallmicro-greenspacesintolargeparks二、填空題（共10題，每題2分，總計20分）請先閱讀下面的短文，從給出的15個備選詞匯中選擇最恰當的單詞填入每個空白處，每個詞匯只能使用一次。備選詞匯：survey,decline,average,preference,significantly,superficial,concentration,traditional,promote,obstacle,enhance,rarely,regular,appeal,vitalA2024national1._______conductedbytheChinaPublishingAssociationinvestigated2000adolescentsaged12to18abouttheirreadinghabits.Theresultsshowedthatthe2._______timeteenagersspendonpaperreadinghasdroppedby32%comparedto2020,whiletheproportionofdigitalreadinghasincreased3._______,accountingfor78%oftheirtotalreadingtime.Researcherspointedoutthatshort-formvideocontenthasastronger4._______toyoungpeoplethanlong-formreadingmaterials.Mostteenagersadmitthattheyspendmoretimeonshortvideoplatforms,andtheir5._______spanforlongarticleshasreducedsharply.Comparedwith6._______paperreadingwhichrequiresdeepthinking,mostdigitalreadingcontenttheyconsumeis7._______,focusingonentertainmentratherthanknowledgeacquisition.However,expertsalsonotethatdigitalreadingisnotallbad.Itcan8._______thepopularityofreadingamongyounggroups,andthekeyistoguideadolescentstochoosehigh-qualitydigitalcontent.Building9._______readinghabitsfromchildhoodis10._______fortheirlong-termcognitivedevelopment,andparentsandschoolsshouldtakejointresponsibilityinthisprocess.三、判斷題（共10題，每題2分，總計20分）請先閱讀下面的長篇短文，判斷每個句子的表述是否符合短文內容，正確填T（True），錯誤填F（False），文中未提及的填NG（NotGiven）。Globalcoffeeindustrysupportsaround25millionsmallholderfarmersinmorethan50developingcountries,anditisoneofthemostimportanteconomicpillarsfortheseregions.However,theindustryisfacingunprecedentedchallengesbroughtbyclimatechange.Accordingtoa2023reportbytheInternationalCoffeeOrganization,theglobalareasuitableforcoffeecultivationwillreduceby50%by2050ifcarbonemissionscontinuetoriseatthecurrentrate.Risingtemperaturesandfrequentextremeweathereventshavealreadyreducedtheglobalaveragecoffeeyieldby18%overthepastdecade.Toaddressthesechallenges,multiplestakeholdersaretakingactions.Fairtrademode,whichensuresfarmersgetaminimumpurchasepricefortheircoffee,hasbeenpromotedin32coffee-producingcountries,covering1.2millionfarmerssofar.Manyfarmershavealsoadoptedregenerativeagriculturalpractices,suchasplantingshadetreesabovecoffeebushesandusingorganicfertilizers,whichcannotonlyimprovethesoilqualitybutalsoincreasecoffeeyieldby12%onaverage.Largecoffeeenterpriseshavealsoreleasedsustainabledevelopmentgoals.Theworld’stopthreecoffeechainshavepromisedtoachieve100%sustainablecoffeesourcingby2030,andinvest450milliondollarsintotaltoprovidetechnicaltrainingforsmallholderfarmers.Consumerawarenessofsustainablecoffeeisalsorising:a2024surveyshowedthat62%ofcoffeeconsumersindevelopedcountriesarewillingtopay10%to15%moreforcoffeeproducedinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.Despitetheseefforts,thecoffeeindustrystillfacesalargefundinggapforsustainabletransformation.TheInternationalCoffeeOrganizationestimatesthatatleast10billiondollarsisneededannuallytosupportsmallholderfarmerstoadoptclimate-resistantplantingtechnologies,whilecurrentglobalinvestmentisonly1.8billiondollarsperyear.Inaddition,manysmallfarmersinremoteareasstillhavenoaccesstorelevanttechnicalsupport,andtheyarethemostvulnerablegroupsaffectedbyclimatechange.1.Morethan30millionsmallholderfarmersaroundtheworldrelyoncoffeecultivationforaliving.2.Thesuitablecoffeecultivationareawillbecutbyhalfby2050ifcarbonemissionskeeprisingatcurrentspeed.3.Globalaveragecoffeeyieldhasdecreasedby18%inthepasttenyears.4.Fairtrademodehascoveredallcoffee-producingcountriesaroundtheworld.5.Regenerativeagriculturalpracticescanimprovesoilqualitybutwillreducecoffeeyield.6.Thetopthreecoffeechainspromisetoachieve100%sustainablesourcingby2035.7.Mostconsumersindevelopedcountriesarewillingtopayextramoneyforsustainablecoffee.8.Thecurrentannualglobalinvestmentforcoffeeindustrysustainabletransformationmeetsthedemand.9.Thepriceoforganiccoffeeis30%higherthanthatofordinarycoffeeontheglobalmarket.10.Smallfarmersinremoteareasarethemostvulnerabletoclimatechangeimpacts.四、簡答題（共4題，每題4分，總計16分）請先閱讀下面的短文，用不超過10個單詞的內容回答每個問題，答案請盡量簡潔準確。Suembroidery,oneofChina’sfourfamousembroiderystyleswithahistoryofmorethan2000years,isfacinginheritancechallengesasfeweryoungpeoplearewillingtolearnthiscomplicatedtraditionalcraft.Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberofyoungSuembroideryinheritorshavebeenexploringdigitalinheritancepaths.Theypostshortvideosshowingembroideryprocessesonmainstreamshortvideoplatforms,attractingmorethan20millionfollowersacrossallplatformsasof2024.TheseinheritorsalsocooperatewithonlinegamebrandsandculturalcreativeproductcompaniestodevelopderivativeproductswithSuembroideryelements,suchasembroideredclothing,phonecasesanddigitalcollections.ASuembroiderycooperativeinSuzhoureportedthatitsonlinerevenueaccountedfor62%oftotalrevenuein2023,up47percentagepointsfrom2020.Inaddition,thecooperativehaslaunchedfreepublicwelfarecoursesonline,trainingmorethan12000Suembroideryloversnationwidesince2021.1.HowlongisthehistoryofSuembroidery?2.Wheredoyounginheritorsposttheirembroideryprocessvideos?3.WhatwastheonlinerevenueproportionoftheSuzhoucooperativein2023?4.Howmanyembroiderylovershavethepublicwelfarecoursestrained?五、應用題（共4題，每題6分，總計24分）請閱讀下面的新聞材料，根據要求完成下列問題，答案需要符合邏輯，結合材料內容作答。RecentyearshavewitnessedcontinuouspricehikesofsharedpowerbanksinChina.Manyconsumersreportedthatthepriceofsharedpowerbankshasrisenfromtheinitial1yuanperhourto4-6yuanperhourinmosturbanareas,andthepricecanevenreach10yuanperhourinscenicspots,airportsandotherspeciallocations.A2024consumersurveyshowedthat72%ofrespondentsbelievethepriceincreaseistooexcessive,whileonly21%saytheycanacceptreasonablepriceadjustments.Sharedpowerbankoperatingcompaniesexplainedthatthepriceincreaseisdrivenbymultiplefactors:first,therentofplacementsitessuchasrestaurantsandshoppingmallshasrisenbyanaverageof35%overthepastthreeyears;second,themaintenancecostofequipmentandbatteryreplacementcostshaveincreasedby28%yearonyear;third,theaverageutilizationrateofsharedpowerbankshasdroppedfrom30%in2021to18%in2024,leadingtolongercostrecoverycycles.Thelocalmarketregulationdepartmentsaidithasreceivedmorethan1200complaintsaboutsharedpowerbankpricehikesinthefirsthalfof2024,anditwillstrengthensupervisionoverthepricingbehaviorofoperatingenterprises,guidethemtosetpricesreasonably,andprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumers.1.Pleasesummarizethecorecontentoftheabovematerialinnomorethan50words.2.Whatarethereasonsforthepriceincreaseofsharedpowerbanksstatedbyoperatingcompanies?3.Pleaseputforwardtworeasonablesuggestionsforconsumerstocopewiththepriceincreaseofsharedpowerbanks.4.Pleasepredicttwospecificmeasuresthatthemarketregulationdepartmentmaytakeinthefuture.標準答案及解析一、單項選擇題答案及解析1.參考答案：B解析：本題考查事實細節定位。根據第一段調研結果，68%的受訪者首選混合辦公，是占比最高的選項，因此B正確。A選項錯誤，僅20%受訪者偏好全遠程；C選項“完全淘汰”表述絕對，12%的人仍偏好全到崗；D選項錯誤，通勤時間是遠程辦公的核心優勢之一，有明顯影響。2.參考答案：C解析：本題考查數字細節定位。第二段明確提到非到崗工作平均每天節省78分鐘通勤時間，因此C正確，其余選項為其他調研數據的干擾項。3.參考答案：C解析：本題考查細節理解。第二段提到遠程辦公的挑戰之一是“遠程員工在晉升評估中比到崗同事更容易被忽略”，對應C選項。A選項是遠程辦公的優勢（降低餐飲成本）；B、D選項文中未提及。4.參考答案：C解析：本題考查細節定位。第一段末尾提到報告建議公司“設計靈活辦公制度，配套清晰的評估標準”，對應C選項。其余選項均不符合報告建議內容。5.參考答案：A解析：本題考查數字細節定位。第一段明確提到僅12%的受訪者偏好全到崗辦公，因此A正確。6.參考答案：A解析：本題考查定義細節。第二段開頭明確提到微綠地面積小于1000平方米，因此A正確。7.參考答案：B解析：本題考查細節定位。第一段提到臨江新建的320個微綠地主要覆蓋此前無綠化設施的老舊社區，因此B正確。8.參考答案：C解析：本題考查細節理解。第二段提到微綠地可降低周邊溫度1.2到1.8攝氏度，最高降幅為1.8攝氏度，因此C正確。9.參考答案：B解析：本題考查數字細節定位。第二段明確提到鄰里糾紛下降了34%，因此B正確。10.參考答案：C解析：本題考查細節定位。第二段末尾提到政府計劃到2027年實現微綠地覆蓋所有居民社區，因此C正確。二、填空題答案及解析1.參考答案：survey解析：此處需要名詞，后文提到是出版協會開展的針對青少年閱讀習慣的調研，因此選survey。2.參考答案：average解析：此處修飾time，指青少年花在紙質閱讀上的平均時長下降，因此選average。3.參考答案：significantly解析：此處需要副詞修飾動詞increased，指數字閱讀占比顯著提升，因此選significantly。4.參考答案：appeal解析：固定搭配haveappealtosb表示對某人有吸引力，此處指短視頻內容對年輕人吸引力更強，因此選appeal。5.參考答案：concentration解析：concentrationspan指注意力時長，符合“年輕人對長文章的注意力時長大幅下降”的語境，因此選concentration。6.參考答案：traditional解析：此處修飾paperreading，與數字閱讀對應，指需要深度思考的傳統紙質閱讀，因此選traditional。7.參考答案：superficial解析：此處需要形容詞，與前文的deepthinking對應，指他們消費的數字閱讀內容大多是膚淺的，側重娛樂，因此選superficial。8.參考答案：promote解析：此處需要動詞，指數字閱讀可以提升年輕群體的閱讀普及率，因此選promote。9.參考答案：regular解析：此處修飾readinghabits，指從小養成規律的閱讀習慣，因此選regular。10.參考答案：vital解析：固定搭配bevitalfor表示對…至關重要，指規律閱讀習慣對長期認知發展至關重要，因此選vital。三、判斷題答案及解析1.參考答案：F解析：第一段明確提到全球約2500萬小農戶依賴咖啡種植，而非3000萬，因此表述錯誤。2.參考答案：T解析：第一段提到如果碳排放保持當前增速，2050年適宜咖啡種植的區域將減少50%，即減少一半，表述正確。3.參考答案：T解析：第一段提到過去十年全球咖啡平均產量下降了18%，表述正