2025年高考英語大二輪-培優練（十一）

二、C、D篇強化組合練從最近幾年的高考來看，閱讀理解C、D篇一般為說明文或者議論文，難度較大，是閱讀理解的“壓軸題”，更是制約高考高分的瓶頸，因此閱讀要得高分，必須從突破C、D篇入手，強化訓練，定向突破，努力提高正答率和做題速度。eq\a\vs4\al\co1(培優練（十一）32分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2023·濟南名校聯考)ThewatersoffthenortheasterncoastoftheUnitedStatesaresomeofthefastestwarmingintheworld.NewresearchpublishedinGlobalChangeBiologyshowsthatthisregion’stigersharksaremakingswiftandsignificantchangestotheirrangetocopewithandtakeadvantageoftheextremewarming.NeilHammerschlag,asharkresearcherattheUniversityofMiamiandhiscolleaguescaptured47tigersharksoffsoutheastFlorida,southwestFloridaandthenorthernBahamasandoutfittedthemwithsatellitetrackingdevicestomonitorthesharks’movementsfrom2010to2019.Theteamcombinedthesenew,detailedtrackingdatawiththetimesandlocationsof8，764tigersharksthatwerecaughtandtaggedbyscientistsandfishersbetween1980and2018.Thestudyfoundthatthenorthernedgesofthetigershark’spreferredwatertemperaturerangehaveshiftedabout186milespolewardinthecoldseasonandabout248milespolewardinthewarmseasonoverthelast40years.Meanwhile,theirnorthernedgesshiftabout186milesnorthinthecoldseasonand270milesnorthinthewarmseasoncomparedtothe1980s.Hammerschlagisn’tsurewhattheecologicalresultofalargesharkpressingfarthernorthastheseasheatupwillbe,butoffthecoastofCaliforniagreatwhitesharksareofferinganexampleoftheunpredictablenewinteractionsthatcanoccur.SalvadorJorgensen,asharkresearcherwhowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy,saysjuvenile(幼小的)greatwhitesharkshaveextendedtheirterritoryuptheCaliforniacoastasthewarmerwaterstheypreferhavestretchedfarthernorth.Thisrangeexpansionhasledthemtooverlapwithseaotters(海獺),whichhaveshownanaccompanyingincreaseinfatalbiting.Thefindingshaveimplicationsforthespecies’conservationbecauseasthesetigersharksmovefarthernorth,they’respendingmoreandmoretimeoutsidethewaterswithsomeformofprotectionfromcommercialfishing.“Thewildtigersharkpopulationisrelativelystable，”saysHammerschlag.“Butifthesesharksstartgettingkilledingreaternumbers,thatcouldchange.”【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。極端變暖可能會改變美國東北部水域的虎鯊遷徙，并使之有遭受人類威脅的風險。28.Whatdidtheresearchersdofortheirstudy?A.Theycooperatedwithsomefishers.B.Theyreferredtothepreviousdata.C.Theycontrolledthesharks’movements.D.Theyproducedsatellitetrackingdevices.答案B[細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Theteamcombinedthese...between1980and2018.”可知，研究人員還參考了1980年至2018年之間的數據。]29.Howdoestheextremewarmingaffectthetigersharksaccordingtothestudy?A.Itisputtingthemindanger.B.Itisdamagingtheirhabitat.C.Itisdisturbingtheirlifestyle.D.Itischangingtheirmigrations.答案D[推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“tigersharksaremaking...theextremewarming”以及第四段中的“alargesharkpressingfarthernorthastheseasheatup”可以推斷，極端變暖正在改變虎鯊的遷徙。]30.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph4?A.Sharkshatethewarmerwaters.B.Sharks’territoryisbecomingsmall.C.Sharks’migrationisaffectingecology.D.Sharkslivewithseaotterspeacefully.答案C[細節理解題。根據第四段中的“theunpredictablenewinteractions...Thisrangeexpansionhasledthemtooverlap...anaccompanyingincreaseinfatalbiting”可以看出，鯊魚遷徙正在影響遷入地的生態。]31.Whatmightthetigersharksfacewhenpressingfarthernorth?A.Humans’threats. B.Naturaldisasters.C.Physicalexhaustion. D.Frequentstarvation.答案A[推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“asthesetigersharks...fromcommercialfishing”可知，隨著虎鯊往北推進，它們在沒有禁止商業捕撈的海域花費的時間越來越多，即它們可能遇到人類的威脅。](2023·紹興診斷性考試)Livinginacityisawell－knownriskfactorfordevelopingamentaldisorder,whilelivingclosetonatureislargelybeneficialtomentalhealthandthebrain.Acentralbrainregion,theamygdala(扁桃核)involvedinstressprocessing,hasbeenshowntobelessactivatedduringstressinpeoplelivinginruralareas，comparedtothosewholiveincities,hintingatthepotentialbenefitsofnature.“Butsofarthehen－and－eggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions，”saysSonjaSudimac.Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraone－hourwalkinGrunewaldForestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.Theresultsrevealedthatactivityintheamygdaladecreasedafterthewalkinnature,suggestingthatnatureelicitsbeneficialeffectsonbrainregionsrelatedtostress.“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth，butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.Interestingly，thebrainactivityaftertheurbanwalkintheseregionsremainedstableandshowednoincreases，whicharguesagainstacommonlyheldviewthaturbanexposurecausesadditionalstress，”explainsSimoneKühn，headofthegroup.Theauthorsshowthatnaturehasapositiveimpactonbrainregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingandthatitcanalreadybeobservedafteraone－hourwalk.Thiscontributestotheunderstandingofhowourphysicallivingenvironmentaffectsbrainandmentalhealth.Evenshortexposuretonaturedecreasesamygdalaactivity，suggestingthatawalkinnaturecouldserveasapreventivemeasureagainstdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsandreducingthepotentiallydisadvantageousimpactofthecityonthebrain.Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaone－hourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項關于自然對人類大腦產生影響的研究結果。32.Whatdoesthehen－and－eggproblemmeanbySonjaSudimac?A.Livinginruralareasactuallyaffectsbrainactivity.B.Peopleincitiestendtohaveahigherriskofmentalproblems.C.It’sunnecessarytoworkoutthecomplexissueofstressandhealth.D.It’shardtoclarifytheimpactoflivingenvironmentonmentalhealth.答案D[細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Butsofarthe...orurbanregions”可知，到目前為止，母雞和雞蛋的問題還沒有得到解決，也就是說，到底是大自然對大腦產生了影響，還是特定的個體選擇生活在農村或城市地區。據此可知，在SonjaSudimac看來“母雞和雞蛋的問題”意味著生活環境對精神健康的影響很難說清楚。]33.Howdidresearcherscollectevidenceforthestudy?A.Byquotingauthoritativeexperts.B.Byinterviewinghealthyvolunteers.C.Byresearchingonaprevioustheory.D.Bycomparingvolunteers’amygdalaactivity.答案D[推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Toachievecausal...trafficinBerlin.”可知，為了獲得因果證據，該小組的研究人員對63名健康志愿者在Grunewald森林或柏林交通繁忙的購物街散步一小時前后的大腦活動進行了檢查。據此可以推知，研究人員通過比較志愿者的扁桃核活動來為這項研究收集證據。]34.WhatcontributiondidSimoneKühnandhisteammainlymake?A.Confirmingtheassumptionofnature’sbenefitstobrainhealth.B.Supportingacommonlyheldviewofurbanexposure.C.Revealingthelinkbetweenageandmentalhealth.D.Identifyingthecausesofmentalhealthproblems.答案A[細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Theresultsvethecausallink.”可知，研究結果支持了之前假設的自然和大腦健康之間的正相關關系，但這是首次證明因果關系的研究。據此可知，SimoneKühn和他的團隊的主要貢獻是證實了自然對大腦健康有益的假設。]35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Benefitsofaregularwalkinnature.B.Thefocusofthefollow－upresearch.C.Anappealforlivinginurbanregions.D.Nature’spositiveeffectsonwomenandchildren.答案B[段落大意題。通讀最后一段可知，為了調查自然對不同人群和年齡組的有益影響，研究人員目前正在進行一項研究，研究調查了在自然環境和城市環境中散步一小時對母親和嬰兒的壓力有何影響。據此可知，最后一段主要講的是進一步研究的重點。]Ⅱ.七選五(2023·蘇北四市高三調研)Manypeopleleadbusylivesandthinktheybarelyhavetimetoworkouteveryday.__1__Theyareshortworkoutsthatofteninvolvehigh－intensity(高強度的)exercises.Hereweexploresomereasonsfordoingmicroworkouts.RequireLessofaTimeCommitmentCommittingtoexercisingforacertainamountoftimeperweekcanbedifficult,especiallywhenyoudonothavethetimeormotivationtoworkoutforanextendedperiod.Microworkoutsaregoodalternatives.Theytakeuponly10to30minutesofyourday.Manypeoplespendmuchlongerscrollingthroughsocialmediaeachday.__2__MakeSchedulingWorkoutsEasierItcanbechallengingtocommitthetimeneededtoexerciseeveryday,butitcanalsobehardtofitaworkoutintoatightschedule.However,astudysuggeststhatitmaybepossible.__3__Forexample，walkingyourdog,usingthestairs,parkingfartherawayfromadestination,orwalkingduringyourlunchbreakareallwaysyoucantry.NeedNoEquipmentInvestinginexpensivehomegymequipmentcanbearealburden.Whenyoudecidetodomicroworkouts,though,youdon’tneedabunchofequipment.__4__Forexample,youmaychoosetodostepsonyourstairs,runonthespot,orevendosomestarjumps.Sinceyoucanchoosewhattypeofworkoutyou’dprefertodo,itmeansthatyoucanexercisewheneveryouplease.__5__Nowthatyouknowallaboutmicroworkouts,youcanaddthemtoyourday.Getascreativeasyoupleaseandthinkaboutthetypesofmovementsthatsuityou.Youneverknow—itmightjustboostyourhealthandwellness.A.Readytogetmoving?B.Youjustfititintoyourroutine.C.Fitnessshouldbesimpleandconvenient.D.Sotheyshouldbearelativelyeasytimecommitment.E.Ifyoufeelthisway,youmaybeinterestedinmicroworkouts.F.Canmicroworkoutsgivethesamebenefitsaslongerworkoutsessions?G.Instead,youcanusethingsaroundyourhometoempoweryourworkout.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了微鍛煉的一些相關知識。1.E[空前講到人們很忙碌，認為自己幾乎沒時間鍛煉，空后講到短時間鍛煉的相關信息，由此可知，E項“如果你這樣感覺，你可能會對微鍛煉感興趣?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境。]2.D[根據上文中的“Microworkoutsaregoodalternatives.Theytakeuponly10to30minutesofyourday.”可知，微鍛煉是很好的選擇，它們只占你一天的10到30分鐘。D項“所以它們應該是一個相對容易的時間投入。”符合語境。]3.B[根據上文內容可知，在緊張的日程中加入鍛煉很難，但研究表明這是可能的，下文提到“Forexample，walkingyourdog...youcantry.”，故此處應整體說將鍛煉融入日程中的方法。B項“你只要把它融入你的日常生活中?！狈险Z境。]4.G[空前提到你不需要一堆設備；再結合空后提到的“Forexample，youmay...somestarjumps.”可知，只需要家里的一些東西就可以進行鍛煉，故G項符合語境。]5.A[根據下文的“Nowthatyouknowallaboutmicroworkouts，youcanaddthemtoyourday.”可知，此處應號召大家動起來，開始把微鍛煉加入生活中。故A項符合語境。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2023·長春市高三質量監測)QueenElizabethⅡwasfarewelledatanhour－longstatefuneralinLondon’sWestminsterAbbey,withherbodylatermovedtoherfinal1.____________(rest)place.About2，000peopleattendedthefuneral,mostofwhomaretheQueen’schildren：KingCharles,PrincessAnne,PrinceAndrewandPrinceEdward.Hergrandchildren,2.____________(include)PrinceWilliam，PrinceHarry,PrincessBeatriceandPrincessEugenie，wereinattendance.KateandWilliam’s3.____________(young)childofthethree，PrinceLouis,stayedhome.Aswellasforeignroyalsandstate4.____________(official),anumberoffamousfacesattendedtheservice.Besides,PeepShowactorSophieWinklemanalsoattended,becausesheisroyalby5.____________(marry);herhusbandisLordFrederickWindsor，6.____________onlysonoftheQueen’scousin.Theservice7.____________(conduct)bytheDeanofWestminsterwhilenewBritishPrimeMinisterandtheSecretary－GeneraloftheCommonwealthbothreadlessons.Onthetopofthecoffin(棺材)wasawreathofflowers8.____________(choose)byKingCharles9.____________honorofhismother;oneoftheflowerswasmyrtle(香桃木)，10.____________wasusedintheQueen’s1953weddingbouquet.AcardfromCharlesread：“Inlovinganddev