信息必刷卷04（新高考II卷）解析版-2025年高考英語考前信息必刷卷

1/2試卷第=page22頁，共=sectionpages2222頁絕密★啟用前2025年高考考前信息必刷卷（新高考II卷）04英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）考情速遞高考·新動向2025年新高考將繼續堅持“五育融合”，強化德育、智育、體育、美育和勞動教育的考查。題型設計上，主要有以下特點：1.貼近生活場景試題更加貼近生活實際，如探討電車油車的發展問題，引導學生關注生活中的實際問題并思考解決辦法。2.科普文章比重增加科普文章增多，如AI發展趨勢、生物樣本數據等，鼓勵學生在學習語言的同時了解前沿科學知識。3.強調語言實際應用聽力語速加快，閱讀難度提升，注重語言的實際應用能力，培養用英語解決問題的人才。4.講述中國故事用外國的語言講述中國的故事，引導學生用英語傳播中國文化。5.增強文化育人將國家發展、社會進步、社會主義核心價值觀融入試題，引導學生提升品德修養和文化自信。6.提升開放性和靈活性試題形式創新，設問角度和方式更加靈活，增強開放性，考查學生的實際應用能力和創造性表達。7.詞匯量和傳統文化考察力度加大詞匯量要求增加，尤其注重與傳統文化相關的詞匯，要求學生能用英語傳播中華文化。這些新動向旨在培養學生的綜合語言運用能力和跨文化交際能力。高考·新考法本套“信息必刷卷02（新高考II卷）”命題思路概述：1.體現“難度”：整套試題難度系數控制在0.69±0.01。其中，聽力獨白題、閱讀理解CD篇和七選五以及讀后續寫難度系數大約為0.58；2.兼顧“廣度”：四選一閱讀理解題兼顧了應用文(A篇)、記敘文(B篇)、說明文(C篇和D篇)幾種體裁，且“細節理解題、推理判斷題、主旨大意題及詞義猜測題”均有所考查；三大話題(人與自然、人與社會、人與自我)均有所涉及；3.突出“重點”：閱讀理解題突出考查了實用英語（A篇），個人成長（B篇）,社會中的人（C篇）“環境保護”的話題(D篇)；七選五突出考查了“上下文觀點或語意一致”的問題；完形填空突出考查了動詞詞義辨析和名詞詞義辨析；語法填空突出考查了“動詞詞性/形的變化”；4.貼近高三生活：應用文寫作話題為寫給學弟學妹的話。命題·大預測閱讀理解題A篇(實用英語-暑期研究項目)讓學生學以致用，能真正將英語用于生產生活；B篇(17歲少年萊斯·斯托利的火車之旅)旨在引導學生養成正確的人生觀；C篇(社會科學)書中作者將人與錫罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗等進行比較，揭示出作為“人”的我們，具有獨有的特征；D篇（環境保護）如何用古老火磚技術如何通過儲存熱能，幫助實現工業過程的可再生能源使用，從而助力全球凈零排放目標的實現；七選五（身心健康-健身技巧）引導學生學會自我成長；完形填空（再續前緣）珍妮和斯蒂芬·沃茨相愛，但由于家庭的原因，兩人未能走到一起。40多前后，兩位老人再次相遇，再續前緣；語法填空（文化交流）中國和愛爾蘭之間的文化聯系；應用文寫作（同學交流）寫給學弟學妹的話；讀后續寫（慈善籌款）凱蒂·布洛姆奎斯特是南卡羅來納州的一年級教師，在她搬到東部以后，她的大多數學生都來自低收入家庭，夏令營、課程、旅行和自行車對他們來說都是負擔不起的。于是她先是發起了一項籌款活動，得到了很多捐贈，制片人史蒂夫·哈維也被她的故事感動了，他決定捐贈2萬美元，學生因此每個人都能得到一輛嶄新的自行車，隨后凱蒂也建立了慈善組織，幫助更多的孩子。第一部分聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatistheweightlimittotheluggageontheplane?A．8kilograms. B．12kilograms. C．16kilograms.【答案】C【原文】W:Isthereaweightlimittotheluggageapassengercancarryontheplane?M:Yes,butyoursisonly12kilograms,4kilogramslessthanthelimit.2．WhydidthewomanworkforAdam’scompany?A．Sheneededatypist. B．Sheneededaroom. C．Sheneededajob.【答案】C【原文】M:Istillcan’tunderstand,Vicky.WhyareyouworkingforAdam’scompany?W:HeofferedmeajobasatypistandIneedthejob.3．Howcantheman’srecipebedescribed?A．It’sareward. B．It’sasuccess. C．It’saproblem.【答案】B【原文】W:Itriedthatnewrecipeyoushared—thechocolatechipcookies.Theywereahitwithmyfamily.M:I’mgladyoulikedthem.I’vesharedthatrecipewithsomanypeopleandtheyallsaythesamething.Bakingcanbesorewarding.W:Itcertainlycan.4．WhattypeofbusinessisKentucky’s?A．Achainrestaurant. B．Alocaleatery. C．Afamily-ownedfactory.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,doyouknowanythingaboutKentucky’s?M:Yeah,I’vebeenthereafewtimes.It’snotachain,andit’snotafamily-ownedplaceeither.Itfocusesonusinglocalingredientsandhasareallyuniquemenu.5．Whyisthemanplanningtomove?A．Tobeclosertohisoffice. B．Tobenearaschool. C．Tohavemorelivingspace.【答案】C【原文】M:We’vedecidedtomove,eventhoughourapartmentisconvenientlylocatednearbothmyofficeandtheschool,W:Iunderstandwiththreegrowingkids,yourapartmentisn’tbigenoughforthefamily.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．WhydoesTommakeacalltoMary?A．ToinvitehertoNewZealand.B．Totellhersomethingabouthistrip.C．ToaskforinformationaboutNewZealand.7．WhatwillMarydothisSaturday?A．Workathercompany. B．TraveltoNewZealand. C．HavedinneratTom’shome.【答案】6．C7．C【原文】M:Hello.CanIspeaktoMary,please?W:Isthatyou,Tom?M:Yes,itis.IamgoingtoNewZealandintwoweeks’time,andmywifeisgoingwithme.W:Oh,howluckyyouare!Howlongwillyoubeaway?M:Foracoupleofmonths,maybehalfayear.Mybosswantsmetosetupabranchcompanythere.Well,Mary,youhavebeentoNewZealandseveraltimes.Canyougiveussomesuggestions,orjusttellusaboutthatcountry?W:I’dloveto.Wecanhaveatalksometime.M:Whynotcomeovertodinneratmyhousethisweekend?Mywifewantstomeetyouaswell.W:Allright.WhataboutSaturday?M:OK.Seeyouat6:00pmthiscomingSaturday.Goodbye!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．WhatdoesAlicelikebestabouthernewschool?A．Theteachers. B．Theenvironment. C．Thefood.9．WhatdoesAlice’snewschoollooklike?A．Itisinmodernstyle. B．Itiswellequipped C．Itisnewlybuilt.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:SoAlice,areyouhappyatyournewschool?W:Yeah,ofcourse.Itsenvironmentisnice.PeopletherearefriendlyandI’vemadealotofnewfriends.Oh,thebestaspectisthefood,whichissodelicious.M:That’swonderful.Howaboutyourstudy?W:I’mlearningseveralnewsubjectsthisyear.They’retough,butluckily,we’vegotlovelyteachersandthey’reexpertattheirsubject.M:Soundsgood.Itseemsthatyoureallylovethenewschool.W:Yeah.Andit’slarge,withasportsfield,amodernlibraryandallkindsofnewequipment.Thereisnowherelikethatatmyoldschool.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10．Whatdoesthewomanwantherweighttobecome?A．Around52kilos. B．Around50kilos.C．Around48kilos. D．Around49kilos11．Whatsportingactivitydoesthewomandoatweekends?A．Basketball. B．Swimming. C．Dancing. D．Badminton.12．Whatdoesthewomando?A．Apersonaltrainer. B．Anofficeworker.C．Aprofessionalathlete. D．Alibrarian.13．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atagym. B．Atanoffice. C．Atarestaurant. D．Atahospital.【答案】10．C11．D12．B13．A【原文】M:WelcometoFitnessDirect.Iamyourpersonaltrainerfortoday.Howareyoufeeling?W:I’mOK,alittlenervousthough.M:Takeiteasy.Workingoutshouldbefun,notstressful.CanIbeginbyaskingyourfitnessgoals?W:Well,Iwishtolosearoundtwokilosandbasicallybuildupthestrengthofmymuscles.M:OK,thatsoundsreasonable.MayIaskyourcurrentweight?W:Yes,Iam50kilosnow.M:Howmuchexercisedoyoucurrentlydoperweekonaverage?W:Aroundthreehours.IgoswimmingonTuesdays,IdanceonWednesdays,andonSundaymorningsIplaybadminton.M:That’sexcellent.MayIaskyouaboutyourdiet?W:Well,Itrytobehealthy,butIlikepizzaandcakes,soIdon’talwayseatwell.M:Whatisyourjob?Areyoutieddowntoadeskmostoftheday?W:Sadlyyes,I’manofficegirl.M:Well,youhavegivenmesomegreatinformation,soIcancomeupwithaweeklytimetableforyou.W:Great.Whatshallwebeginwithfirst?M:Rightnow,I’dlikeyoutowarmupwitha10-minutejog,OK?W:Sure.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14．WhatinspiredTrenttostartclimbing?A．Apictureofmountains. B．Abiographyofaclimber. C．Atelevisiondocumentary.15．WhatdidTrentactuallyfeelduringhisfirstbigclimbing?A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Doubtful.16．WhydidTrentdecidetoclimbthesevenpeaks?A．Toovercomehisfear.B．Torealizehislong-helddream.C．Toraisemoneyforhisgrandpa.17．WhatmadeTrentspecialamongtheclimberstothesevenpeaks?A．Hewasaccompaniedbyhisgrandpa.B．Heclimbedsnow-coveredmountains.C．Hewasyoungerthananyotherclimber.【答案】14．A15．B16．C17．C【原文】W:Trent,howdidyougetintomountainclimbing?M:Manypeoplestartclimbingbecausethey’vewatchedatelevisiondocumentaryaboutclimbingamountainandagoodfriendenjoyedreadingthebiographyofafamousclimber.Myexperiencewasmoreunusual,though.WhenIwasnine,Istartedatanewschoolwheretherewasanamazingartworkonthewall.Itshowedsomesnow-coveredmountainsandIthought,Iwanttoclimbthose!W:Youclimbedyourfirstbigmountainwhenyouwereten.Howdidyoufeelbeforehand?M:IwasconvincedI’dbereallynervousbeforewesetoff,buttheoppositewasactuallytrue,whichIcouldn’tquitebelieve.IwentwithveryexperiencedclimberswhomItrusted.W:Youdecidedtoclimbthehighestpeakoneachofthesevencontinents.Whywasthat?M:Mygrandfatherbecameillandtherewasn’tmuchfinancialsupportforscientiststryingtofindacure,soIaskedpeopletosponsormetoclimbthesevenpeaks.Ibecametheyoungestpersonevertoclimbthem,thoughthatwasn’tmyreasonfordoingit.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18．Whatdidthespeakerdobeforesheretiredin2015?A．Aseller. B．Apoliceofficer. C．Afurnituredesigner.19．Whatdidthespeakerbegintohelpdofrom2018?A．Controltobacco. B．Keeppublicorder. C．Fightviolence.20．Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofworkingasavolunteer?A．Rewarding B．Dangerous C．Challenging.【答案】18．C19．A20．A【原文】W:Well,nowletmetellyouwhatI'vebeendoinginrecentyears.In2015,Iretiredfrommypostasadesignerforafurniturecompany.Andsincethen,I’vebeenworkingasavolunteer.In2017,IjoinedGreenWoodpecker—anorganizationthatpromotesenvironmentalprotection.Atthebeginning,Imostlyworkedinpublicsquaresnearthewestrailwaystation,helpingthetrafficpoliceandgivingdirectionstopassengers.Thenmyworkfocuschanged.WhenourcityadoptedthenewtobaccocontrolrulesinJune,2018,Ibegananewtask:persuadingpeoplenottosmokeinpublicplaces.Inadditiontotherailwaystation,Ihavebeengoingtoplaceswheretherearemanyrestaurantsandbars.Weworkingroupsofthree,andtrytostoppeoplefromsmoking.Fortunately,mostsmokersaresupportiveandputouttheircigaretteswhenweaskthemto,butthatwasnotthecaseintheearlydays—somesmokerscouldbecomequiteviolent.Ilikebeingavolunteer.Theworkisexcitingandmakesmefeelyoung.Ithasnowbecomeapartofmylife.第二部分閱讀（共兩節,滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASimonsSummerResearchProgramEstablishedin1984asagrowthprogramforlocalhighschoolstudents,theSimonsSummerResearchProgramnowattractsapplicantsfromallacrossthecountrytotheStonyBrookcampus:SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.Inadditiontolearningvaluabletechniquesandexperiencinglifeatamajorresearchuniversity,SimonsFellowsattendweeklyresearchtalksandtakepartinspecialworkshops,toursandevents.Attheclosingmeetingonposters,studentsarepresentedwithacashaward.Eligibility(資格)●Studentsinterestedinsciencewhohaveshownindependence,creativityandanabilitytodohands-onworkareespeciallyencouragedtoapply.●Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.HousingandpiningDinnerProjectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,781.50(includes$600MealPlanand$61.50StudentHealthServicesFee)Residential&Commuter(通勤者)Options:Participants(參與者)maychoosetoliveoncampuswithotherstudentresearchersortocommute.Studentswholiveoncampusaretypicallyhousedinadoubleroominauniversityresidencehall,andareresponsibleforpayingtheirownhousingfeesbeforetheprogramstartdate.Pleasenotethatresidentialstudentsarenotallowedtobringacartocampus.21．WhatshouldparticipantsdointheSimonsSummerResearchProgram?A．Decideontheirfuturecareer. B．LearnaboutSimons’historyC．Visittheirdreamcolleges. D．Designaresearchposter.22．Whichofthefollowingisarequirementfortheapplicants?A．Theirage. B．Theirresidence.C．Theirrelatedexperiences. D．Theirschoolperformance.23．Howmuchisthehousingfeeforaresidentialapplicant?A．$2,781.50. B．$2,720.00. C．$2,181.50. D．$2,120.00.【答案】21．D22．A23．D【導語】本文為一篇應用文，介紹了西蒙斯暑期研究項目的相關信息。21．細節理解題。根據文章第一段“SimonsFellowsarematchedwithStonyBrookstudyadvisors,joinaresearchgrouporteam,andassumeresponsibilityforaproject.TheSimonsFellowsconcludetheirprogrambyproducingaresearchposter.(西蒙斯研究員將與石溪分校的研究顧問配對，加入一個研究小組或團隊，并承擔一個項目的責任。西蒙斯研究員通過制作研究海報來結束他們的項目)”可知，參與者需要設計一個研究海報。故選D。22．細節理解題。根據Eligibility(資格)部分“Applicantsmustbeintheirjunioryear(11thgrade)ofhighschoolatthetimeofapplyingandmustbeatleast16yearsoldbythestartoftheprogram.(申請者在申請時必須是高中三年級（11年級），并且在項目開始時必須至少16歲)”可知，參與者有年齡要求。故選A。23．細節理解題。根據HousingandpiningDinner部分“Projectedsummer24programcosts(residential):$2,781.50(includes$600MealPlanand$61.50StudentHealthServicesFee(預計24個夏季項目費用（住宿）：2,781.50美元（包括600美元的膳食計劃和61.50美元的學生健康服務費用）)”可知，住宿費除去膳食費用和健康服務費用，即，2,781.50美元—600美元—61.50美元=2120美元。故選D。BDuetotherisingcostofrentandseeminglyendlessloanpayments,agrowingnumberoffamiliesarelivinginrecreationalvehiclesandrestoredschoolbuses.Someretireesarechoosingtospendmostoftheyearoncruiseships.ButoneteenagerinGermanyhasdecidedtotakeadvantageofhiscountry’srailsystem,andhasbegunlivingontrainsfull-time.LasseStolleyisa17-year-oldGermansoftwaredeveloperwhospendshismorningsgrabbingbreakfastinsidethefirst-classloungeandhiseveningsinsleepingcars.Heshowersingymsandleisureareas,andwasheshisclothesattrainstations.Hefitsallofhispossessionsintoasinglebackpack,includingthreesetsofclothes,hygienesupplies,sleepingnecessities,andtechnology.Theteenagerhasbeenlivingthiswaysincehewas16,whenhegraduatedfromhighschool.Hesaysthatoriginallyconvincinghisparentswasastruggle,buteventuallytheylethimgo.Atfirst,Stolleyhadtroublesleepingonthetrain.Andhealsohadtobecarefultomakesurehisbelongingsdidn’tgetstolenatnight.Butafterthefirstcoupleofmonths,hewasabletosettleintoaroutineandthoroughlyenjoyhimself.LasseStolleyobtainedaBahnCard100card,allowinghimtoboardanddepartfromanyDeutscheBahnunlimitedly.ItcostsStolleyapproximately€10,000peryear.Sinceamonth’sworthofrentinGermanycosts€942onaverage,trainlifeisanappealingoptionforayoungadultwithdreamsoftravelling.However,Stolleysaysthebestpartisthefreedomofnotbeingboundtooneplace.Heisabletotakeimpromptudaytrips.Onanaverageday,Stolleycantravelover600miles.Nowhehastravelledtomorecountriesthanmanypeopleeverwillintheirlifetime,andheshowsnosignsofstoppinganytimesoon.24．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutStolley?A．Hisactivityvenues. B．Hisworkschedules.C．Hisbasicnecessities. D．Hislifearrangements.25．WhatcanbeinferredaboutStolleyfromparagraph3?A．Heoncehadhisbackpackstolen. B．Heinitiallyhadatoughtimeontrains.C．Hedidn’tgetpermissionfromhisparents. D．Hepackedhisbelongingsinseveralbags.26．What’sthemostattractivetoStolleyabouthistrainlife?A．Heavilydiscountedfares. B．Theflexibilityofremotework.C．Morechancestomakenewfriends. D．Thefreedomtogowherehewants.27．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toappealforlowhouseprices. B．Tointroduceanunusuallifestyle.C．Topromotethespiritofadventure. D．Toexplainthebenefitsoftraintravel.【答案】24．D25．B26．D27．B【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了德國17歲少年萊斯·斯托利憑借著一張1萬歐元的德國國家鐵路年票正在環游德國，他長時間住在火車上，平均每日坐車超過600英里。24．主旨大意題。根據第二段“LasseStolleyisa17-year-oldGermansoftwaredeveloperwhospendshismorningsgrabbingbreakfastinsidethefirst-classloungeandhiseveningsinsleepingcars.Heshowersingymsandleisureareas,andwasheshisclothesattrainstations.Hefitsallofhispossessionsintoasinglebackpack,includingthreesetsofclothes,hygienesupplies,sleepingnecessities,andtechnology.(17歲的德國軟件開發人員拉斯·斯托利早上在頭等艙休息室里吃早餐，晚上在臥鋪車廂里度過。他在健身房和休閑區洗澡，在火車站洗衣服。他把所有的東西都裝進一個背包里，包括三套衣服、衛生用品、睡眠用品和科技產品)”可知，第二段介紹了斯托利在就餐、睡覺、洗澡、洗衣等生活方面的安排。故選D。25．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Atfirst,Stolleyhadtroublesleepingonthetrain.Andhealsohadtobecarefultomakesurehisbelongingsdidn’tgetstolenatnight.(起初，斯托利在火車上睡不著覺。他還必須小心翼翼地確保自己的財物在晚上不被偷走)”可知，他最初在火車上過得很艱難。故選B。26．細節理解題。根據最后一段“However,Stolleysaysthebestpartisthefreedomofnotbeingboundtooneplace.Heisabletotakeimpromptudaytrips.(然而，斯托利說，最好的部分是不被束縛在一個地方的自由。他可以即興進行一日游)”可知，最吸引他的是能隨心所欲地去自己想去的地方。故選D。27．推理判斷題。根據第一段“Duetotherisingcostofrentandseeminglyendlessloanpayments,agrowingnumberoffamiliesarelivinginrecreationalvehiclesandrestoredschoolbuses.Someretireesarechoosingtospendmostoftheyearoncruiseships.ButoneteenagerinGermanyhasdecidedtotakeadvantageofhiscountry’srailsystem,andhasbegunlivingontrainsfull-time.(由于房租上漲和沒完沒了的貸款，越來越多的家庭住在休閑車和修復的校車里。一些退休人員選擇在游輪上度過一年的大部分時間。但是德國的一名青少年決定利用他的國家的鐵路系統，并開始全職住在火車上)”以及后文提到了人們住在房車、修復的校車和游輪上的生活方式，接著引出了斯托利以火車為家的生活，然后對這種生活方式作了具體介紹。可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一種不尋常的生活方式。故選B。C“Hello.YouareyouandIamI.Wearepeople,alsoknownashumans.ThismakesusdifferentfrommostofthethingsonEarth.”ThisfairlystraightforwardobservationistheopeningspreadofLike,writtenbyAnnieBarrows.Itestablishesasomewhatoddyetmatter-of-facttonewithayoungboyaddressingthereader.Mattersgetmorequizzical-orphilosophical(哲學意義的),ifyouprefer—onthefollowingspread,whichcarefullythinksaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplearedifferentfromonespecificthingonEarth,“Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”Thetargetaudiencewillnodoubtbeamused,aswasI,andperhapsreassured.Likenextmatchespeoplewiththeswimmingpools,“Wearealittlebitmorelikeaswimmingpoolthanatincan.Wehavewaterandchemicalsanddirtinsideus.Butunlikeaswimmingpoolwedon’thavepeoplesplashingaroundinsideus.”Mushrooms,welearn,differfromtincansandswimmingpoolsbybeingalive,andbygrowingandreproducing-humantraits,too!Mushrooms,however,don’thavemouthsandbrains.Butwait:Hyenashaveallthat.Theyrunaroundreallyfast,likewedo...Buthyenasdon’tsaywords.Theydon’ttellstories.Theydon’tgetembarrassed,evenwhenthey’recaughteatingsomethingofftheground.Wheretogofromthere?“Lookatallthesepeople,thetextexclaimsovertheillustrationfullofpeopleofseeminglyeverysize,shape,color,ageandmeansofmobility.Theyarenotexactlylikeus.Buttheyaremorelikeusthantheyaredifferent.”“IammorelikeyouthanIamlikemostofthethingsonEarth,thenarratorconcludes.I’mglad.I’dratherbelikeyouthanamushroom-anappealingandinarguableunderstanding.”28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quizzical”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．Definite. B．Consistent. C．Unusual. D．Ambiguous.29．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingismostlikehumans?A．Hyenas. B．Tincans. C．Mushrooms. D．Swimmingpools.30．Howisthewriter’sideamainlydevelopedinthepassage?A．Bydescribingindetails. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byanalyzingcausesandeffects. D．Bypresentingproblemsandsolutions.31．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Ananimalencyclopedia. B．Astoryentry.C．Aphilosophicaltextbook. D．Abookreview.【答案】28．C29．A30．B31．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章簡單介紹了一本書Like，書中作者將人與錫罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗等進行比較，揭示出作為“人”的我們，具有獨有的特征。28．詞句猜測題。根據文章第一段“ThisfairlystraightforwardobservationistheopeningspreadofLike,writtenbyAnnieBarrows.Itestablishesasomewhatoddyetmatter-of-facttonewithayoungboyaddressingthereader.(這個相當直接的評論是安妮·巴羅斯寫的《Like》的開篇。它建立了一種有點奇怪但實事求是的語氣，一個小男孩向讀者講話。)”和下文““Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”(“我們一點也不像錫罐。我們的形狀不像錫罐。我們不能像裝罐頭一樣裝番茄醬。如果你打開我們的蓋子，不會有什么好事發生。我們一點也不像錫罐。”)”可知，書的開頭一章，敘述方式有些不尋常，結合本句后面作者將人與錫罐比較，以此說明人的本性。所以推測本句意為，“在接下來的章節，事情變得更加不尋常”，由此可知，quizzical意為“不同尋常的”。故選C。29．細節理解題。根據文章第二段““Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”(“我們一點也不像錫罐。我們的形狀不像錫罐。我們不能像裝罐頭一樣裝番茄醬。如果你打開我們的蓋子，不會有什么好事發生。我們一點也不像錫罐。”)”和第三段“Likenextmatchespeoplewiththeswimmingpools,“Wearealittlebitmorelikeaswimmingpoolthanatincan.Wehavewaterandchemicalsanddirtinsideus.Butunlikeaswimmingpoolwedon’thavepeoplesplashingaroundinsideus.”Mushrooms,welearn,differfromtincansandswimmingpoolsbybeingalive,andbygrowingandreproducing-humantraits,too!Mushrooms,however,don’thavemouthsandbrains.Butwait:Hyenashaveallthat.(就像next將人們與游泳池相匹配，“我們更像一個游泳池而不是一個錫罐。我們體內有水、化學物質和污垢。但不像游泳池，我們不會有人在里面濺水。”我們了解到，蘑菇與錫罐和游泳池的不同之處在于它是有生命的，而且還能生長和繁殖——這也是人類的特征！然而，蘑菇沒有嘴和大腦。但是等等：鬣狗擁有所有這些。)”可知，文章將錫罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗與人類逐個比較。錫罐能盛東西，而人腦不能。人體與游泳池有著類似的內容，但人體內沒有人在游泳。蘑菇是活的，更像人類，但沒有嘴巴和大腦。鬣狗有嘴巴和大腦，最像人類。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據文章第二段““Wearenotatallliketincans.Wearenotshapedliketincans.Wecannotholdtomatosauceliketincans.Ifyouopenupourlids,nothinggoodhappens.Wearenotatallliketincans.”(“我們一點也不像錫罐。我們的形狀不像錫罐。我們不能像裝罐頭一樣裝番茄醬。如果你打開我們的蓋子，不會有什么好事發生。我們一點也不像錫罐。”)”和第三段“Likenextmatchespeoplewiththeswimmingpools,“Wearealittlebitmorelikeaswimmingpoolthanatincan.Wehavewaterandchemicalsanddirtinsideus.Butunlikeaswimmingpoolwedon’thavepeoplesplashingaroundinsideus.”Mushrooms,welearn,differfromtincansandswimmingpoolsbybeingalive,andbygrowingandreproducing-humantraits,too!Mushrooms,however,don’thavemouthsandbrains.Butwait:Hyenashaveallthat.(就像next將人們與游泳池相匹配，“我們更像一個游泳池而不是一個錫罐。我們體內有水、化學物質和污垢。但不像游泳池，我們不會有人在里面濺水。”我們了解到，蘑菇與錫罐和游泳池的不同之處在于它是有生命的，而且還能生長和繁殖——這也是人類的特征！然而，蘑菇沒有嘴和大腦。但是等等：鬣狗擁有所有這些。)”可知，文章將錫罐、游泳池、蘑菇和鬣狗與人類進行比較，做比較是作者表達的主要方式。故選B。31．推理判斷題。根據文章第一段““Hello.YouareyouandIamI.Wearepeople,alsoknownashumans.ThismakesusdifferentfrommostofthethingsonEarth.”ThisfairlystraightforwardobservationistheopeningspreadofLike,writtenbyAnnieBarrows.Itestablishesasomewhatoddyetmatter-of-facttonewithayoungboyaddressingthereader.(“你好。你是你，我是我，我們是人，也被稱為人類。這使我們與地球上的大多數生物不同。”這個相當直接的評論是安妮·巴羅斯寫的《Like》的開篇。它建立了一種有點奇怪但實事求是的語氣，一個小男孩向讀者講話。)”可知，本文是對一本書進行簡要介紹和評述。故選D。DAtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔熱的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(熱能)storage.Thebricksaremadefromthesamematerialsasthebricksthatlinedprimitivekilns(窯)thousandsofyearsago.Batteriescanstoreelectricityandprovideittogenerateheatondemand.“Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.“Thematerialsarebasicallyjustthecomponentsofdirt.”Theresearchersadoptedcomputermodelstocomparecosts,landneeds,healthimpacts,andemissionsinvolvedintwoscenariosforanimaginedfuturewhere149countriesin2050areusingrenewablesourcesforallenergypurposes.Inonescenario,firebricksprovide90%ofindustrialprocessheat.Intheother,there’szeroadoptionoffirebricksorotherformsofthermalenergystorage.Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.Jacobson’sfocusonfirebricksisrelativelynew,inspiredbyadesiretoidentifyeffectivesolutionsthatcouldbeadoptedquickly.“HereIcanseeasubstantialbenefitsatlowcostfrommultipleangles,fromhelpingreduceairpollutiondeathstomakingiteasiertoturntheworldtocleanenergy,”hesaid.32．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Howfirebrickstoragetechnologyworks. B．Howfirebricksareproducedsustainably.C．Whatthermalenergymeansscientifically. D．Whatthermalenergystorageisusedtodo.33．Whatadvantagesdofirebrickhaveoverbattery?A．Firebrickcanstoreheatandcostless. B．Firebrickcangeneratemoreelectricity.C．Firebrickcanprovideheatmorequickly. D．Firebrickismadeofmoreadvancedmaterials.34．Whyarethecomputermodelsadopted?A．Totestthedurabilityoffirebricks. B．Tocutthecostsoffirebricks.C．Toexploretheeffectivenessoffirebricks. D．Totestenergystoragecapacityoffirebricks.35．Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Theusageoffirebrickscanreplacebatteries.B．Embracingrenewableelectricitybecomespossible.C．Innovativesystemsturnheatintoelectricitycheaply.D．Anoldtechnologycanaidtheswitchtocleanenergy.【答案】32．A33．A34．C35．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了古老火磚技術如何通過儲存熱能，幫助實現工業過程的可再生能源使用，從而助力全球凈零排放目標的實現。32．主旨大意題。根據第二段“Thetechnologyinvolvesfittingheat-absorbingbricksinaninsulated(隔熱的)container,wheretheycanstoreheatgeneratedbysolarorwindpowerforlateruseinindustrialprocesses.Theheatcanthenbereleasedwhenneededbypassingairthroughchannelsinthepilesof“firebricks”,thusallowingcement,steel,glass,andpaperfactoriestorunonrenewableenergyevenwhenwindandsunshineareunavailable.Thesesystemsareaformofthermalenergy(熱能)storage.(這項技術涉及在隔熱容器中安裝吸熱磚，這些磚可以儲存由太陽能或風能產生的熱量，以便在工業過程中后續使用。當需要時，可以通過在“耐火磚”堆中的通道通過空氣來釋放熱量，從而使水泥、鋼鐵、玻璃和造紙廠能夠在沒有風和陽光的情況下依然依靠可再生能源運行。這些系統是熱能存儲的一種形式)”可知，本段詳細說明了耐火磚儲能技術是將吸熱磚組裝在隔熱容器中，用來儲存太陽能或風能產生的熱量以便之后使用等內容，即這項技術的工作原理。故選A項。33．細節理解題。根據第三段中的““Thedifferencesbetweenfirebrickstorageandbatterystoragearethatthefirebricksstoreheatratherthanelectricityandthattheircostisone-tenththecostofbatteries,”saidleadstudyauthorMarkZ.Jacobson,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity.(“耐火磚存儲與電池存儲的區別在于，耐火磚儲存的是熱量而不是電力，并且其成本僅為電池的十分之一，”該研究的主要作者、斯坦福大學的教授馬克·雅各布森說道)”可知，耐火磚儲能與電池儲能的差異在于耐火磚儲存熱量而非電力，且成本是電池的十分之一。故選A項。34．推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Theresearchersfoundthescenariowithfirebrickscouldcutcostsby$1.27trillionacrossthe149countries,whilereducingthedemandforelectricalenergyandenergystoragecapacityfrombatteries.(研究人員發現，使用耐火磚的場景可以在這149個國家中削減1.27萬億美元的成本，同時減少對電能的需求以及來自電池的儲能容量需求)”可知，研究者用模型對比兩種未來可再生能源場景，涉及耐火磚在其中的作用及優勢，故推知，采用計算機模型是為了探索耐火磚的有效性。故選C項。35．主旨大意題。根據全文內容及第一段“AtechnologywithrootsgoingbacktotheBronzeAgemayofferafastandinexpensiveapproachtohelpingachievetheUnitedNationsclimategoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,accordingtorecentStanford-ledresearch.(根據最近由斯坦福大學主導的研究，一種可以追溯到青銅時代的科技可能提供